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The paper presents research results from combusting high-energy solid rocket fuels (propellants) in laboratory rocket motor (LRM). The process of combusting high-energy fuel is characterized by fast chemical reaction, which causes creating a gaseous product with high pressure, which is able to produce a secondary system of fractures in the coal. The value of pressure from combusting propellants can be controlled in a laboratory rocket motor by an appropriate selection of mass of the fuel and the diameter of the no...

Background: An important role in the economy of every country is played by entities operating on a small scale, i.e. small and micro entities. Some of them are obliged to keep accounting books, and thus to prepare financial statements. The preparation of financial statements cannot be too burdensome for micro entities, as they have limited financial and organizational capabilities. It is therefore important that the costs of preparing financial statements are balanced with the benefits derived from the use of the ...

Actually progressive technology can be helpful for sustainability achievements. Sustainability it?s not only trend, but an unnecessary need in every field. Correctly planning and designing are first steps and main aspects to achieve sustainable development, economic, social and environmental in construction industry. Building Information Modelling presents tool which meets the information requirement for sustainability design. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the most progressive technology in constr...

An optimal soil density has become an object of more extensive research at the end of the 50's, and the increase of research took place in the recent decade. Authors of these works assumed that traditional cultivation causes too great scarification of soil. Therefore, they performed experiments the aim of which was determination of the impact of soil kneading on plant yields. In the majority of experiments, by means of suitable soil compaction directly after sowing, a significant yield increase was observed, amoun...

Growing problems of environmental protection related to the increasing soil degradation and increasing effects of climatic changes require searching for new, more efficient, and cheaper solutions that maintain relevant parameters of soil. One of the suggested solutions of present problems in the area of environmental protection is biochar, namely carbonate obtained from the plant biomass and organic waste pyrolysis. The use of biochar in environmental protection brings advantages, inter alia, such as a possibility...

The agriculture is a sector where the impact of climate change leads to high risk and vulnerability in farmers' activities. The negative consequences are reflected in the direction of changes in agricultural land, decrease in productivity, soil erosion, salinization, deterioration of the conditions for raising animals and others. Tackling such problems is a challenge for farmers trying to balance the need to produce enough food for the population and, on the other, to mitigate the negative effects of climate chang...

Source water for water treatment plants can contain various mechanical and biological impurities and are usually removed in sedimentation process. This process highly depend on phase composition and morphology of solid phase which is present in suspension. Due to the fact that morphology of non-grain suspension determines hydrodynamic properties, such as porosity, permeability and even density, it is crucial to identify the primary constituents of that kind of aggregates. The main aim of research presented in this...

Dust which comes from the flue gas purification in the process of thermal transformation of municipal wastes is classified as dangerous wastes. Their management poses a big problem. As a method of safe management, the dust may be used for the production of concrete as a partial replacement for the cement. By applying immobilization it is possible to reduce dangerous compounds and the material obtained becomes safe for the natural environment. Such a form of the dust application corresponds to modern waste manageme...

Water quality of the urban rivers become a critical issue in some regions of Russia including Kaliningrad region. Since the processes of development have affected already existing urban industrial sites in a number of cities in the region and lead to formation of the new, certain risks have arisen for rivers flowing through the territory of new industrial clusters. In this regard, it was estimated the ecological condition of the rivers in the area of industrial load on the following indicators: 1) assessing of the...

Share of birch is increasing in hemiboreal forests mainly due to its superior natural regeneration capabilities and afforestation of abandoned agricultural lands. It is more wind-firm than Norway spruce, thus it could be even more favoured in context of climate changes, linked to worsening wind climate in this region. Historically, target species of forest management had been coniferous trees. Therefore, aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of thinning regime on net present value of birch stands. Sample plo...

Wood protection is carried out in accordance with the requirements for the specific applications. It is commonly admitted to perform class 2 and 3 coatings for surface finish according to EN 335. The effect and interaction between wood mass and amorphous titanium dioxide are investigated in order to improve the quality of surface finish. Coatings with planar particles of titanium dioxide were used for dispersions applied on wooden surface in a transparent layer. The interaction between the wood surface and TiO2 wa...

The influence of the quality of life of urbanized areas in Slovakia is directly dependent on the development of transport. Both sites transport - transport infrastructure and transport services - are not only assessed in terms of the levels of traffic volumes or traffic flows on the urban road network. Recently, mobility and accessibility have been at the forefront as the main quality service of land use. On the other side, there is no uniform principle of their parameterization to determine the procedure for asse...

The ambient temperature inside a building is essential for occupant comfort, and it influences directly the interior microclimate. Keeping the inner temperature at an optimum value involves energy consumption for heating and cooling. Energy consumption can be reduced by integrating phase change materials into the structure of the building. In thermal regime, with the integration of phase change materials, an integration model based on a mathematical method suitable for a thermal process analysis is described. This...

Background. The issue discussed in this paper is caused by the historically established opinion that in thermal reactors the fission of uranium-235 by fast neutrons, which are formed during its fission by thermal neutrons, can be ignored. The purpose of the study is to assess the effect of the fission of uranium-235 by fast neutrons on the nuclear safety of a thermal reactor. Methods. For the study, the method of comparing fast neutron multiplication coefficients in the fission of uranium-235 by fast neutrons and ...

Several tunnels are currently under construction in Slovakia and others are in process of preparation to be constructed. The most commonly used technology in Slovakia is NATM. One of them is the Milochov railway tunnel, which together with the bridge and another tunnel of works, will be located on the reconstructed part of the railway line between Puchov and Povazska Bystrica. The tunnel is designed for rail transport as a single-tube, double-track, with a track spacing of 4,200 m for a design speed of 160 km/h, w...

Best Available Techniques (BAT) have been used as the instrument of the industrial emissions minimisation and environmental modernisation of industry since the 90s. Researchers and practitioners believe that the most advanced methods of the BAT assessment have been developed and implemented under the European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) and Industrial Emissions Directives. BATs in the European Union are defined and revised through an official framework: the Sevilla Process. It sets a step-by...

Background: This article is devoted to the question of correction system implementation. The correction system is necessary to provide the ability of autonomous navigation the unmanned airborne vehicle. We can see a lot of examples of terrain landform correction systems and ?synthetic aperture radar? ? based systems. But in the case of using information about lengthened objects, we have a great opportunity to provide robustness objects, which we can reliably cross during our flight. Nevertheless, these objects sho...

The present paper mainly considers payments for Negative Environmental Impact as an instrument of economic mechanism of stimulating rational nature management and ensuring ecological and economic security. The authors suggest ways of improving the economic mechanism to stimulate environmental management, in particular, the directions of enhancing the incentive function of payments for Negative Environmental Impact (NEI) for the purposes of sustainable development. The authors have developed the system of fines pur...

Background: The group of recipients of enterprises? financial statements is gradually growing on the European and national scale, as well as their expectations towards the information quantity and quality. They also expect increasingly detailed information on enterprise?s impact on the environment (CSR), which translates into an increase in non-financial information disclosures. The European Union has engaged in promoting CSR reporting, both for the social good and raising the competitiveness and innovation of Eur...

Metropolises are undoubtedly associated with large and significant areas. These areas are important in case of technical, social, cultural and industrial terms. However, it is difficult to name metropolises as ?cities? in the traditional sense of this word. In our socio-cultural reality, from individuals, objects, companies, which are "larger", "older" or "more developed" and "more mature", more is required. On the example of the Silesian metropolis, the author shows interdependencies taking place in the instituti...

Schemes of cleaning-up deep iron ore deposits using open pit mining method from mining-capital operations and land saving perspective are analyzed. It was established that the cleaning-up of border reserves with a pit side separation is expedient in the operation of shallow open pit mines. Cleaning-up of open pit mines with an increase in the resulting angle of slope of the side at the partial abandonment of transport communications is expedient at the transition stage from the auto truck-rail transport to the aut...

The paper presents the studies of an improvement of techniques for energy saving management on the principle of sustainable development. The authors proposed a hypothesis for the sociocultural, environmental and economic aspects of the sustainable development principles and their correlation with the management of energy-saving procedures in civil construction. Qualitative and quantitative efficiency from improving techniques of energy-saving managing are highlighted. The baselines of the energy consumption are id...

The relevance of the results. Significant natural resource potential of Russia requires its prudent use. At present, environmental management programmes have been adopted and are being implemented in most countries of the world. In the European Union (EU), environmental production per unit of GDP has increased by more than 50% in the last decade, and the world Bank estimates that six trillion euros should be invested in clean technologies in developing countries in the next decade. Russia has a system of measures ...

One of the perspective directions of simulation and modeling tool development is the problem orientation, which allows reducing the requirements that presented to a knowledge level of end users in the programming area essentially. Using the software package in a system for dynamic modeling of multi-agent resource conversion processes (MRCP) BPsim (Business Process Simulation), a simulation model of the workstation workflow was built to make experiments to determine the workload of posts and identify bottlenecks in...

Simulating direct runoff is vital, especially with regard to flash floods. The frequency of flash flood events increases as they are concomitant phenomena of the climate change. Considering the difficult prediction and rapid onset, as well as often lack of input data, the Soil Conservation Service curve number procedure (SCS-CN) poses a useful approach applied globally. Nevertheless, the method was developed for small agricultural watersheds in the USA, thus demanding corresponding modifications in order to provid...

The article investigates liquid pipelines that pass through the areas of Siberia and Far East. The negative impact of permafrost terrain, precisely its peculiar characteristics, on pipeline location is revealed. It is proved that there is high possibility of hazardous geocryological processes that may change the pipeline stress-strain conditions and lead to various technical accidents, which, in its turn, may result in significant leaks and serious pollution problems. Most oil main pipelines are typically undergro...

The relevance of the results. Recycling as a process of using returnable resources is the basis of the modern approach to the organization of industrial production on the basis of the principles of green, circular economy. This concept of organization of production is based on the cycle of production and consumption in order to ensure the maximum possible reuse of resources and prevent harmful effects on the environment, which is an integral part of the environmental management program. Currently, this approach is...

Synthetic cast iron was introduced into production 60 years ago, just after the development and production of medium and low-frequency high-capacity of induction furnaces (1 to 20 tonnes). This allowed the production of a wide range of cast iron, especially alloyed. Another significant effect was the increase in the portion of steel scrap up to 100% and, in particular, the reduction of the consumption of deficient and costly pig iron. Its price is up to twice as high as steel scrap. In the long time, the negative ...

This paper discusses the method of increasing the recovery rate when developing deposits of terrigenous sediments at a late stage by involving inactive wells into the field development using sidetracks covering undrained areas. In order to estimate the predicted flow rates of wells with horizontal sidetracks, calculations were carried out for seven wells using four analytical methods for wells which are in the pressure observation well stock, suspended well stock, inactive due to the reaching limit by water cut an...

Cyanobacteria are the main components of the phytoplankton in many freshwater and marine ecosystems. So far, about 150 genera and over 2000 species have been described. Although they are one of the most ancient groups of organisms, their taxonomic classification is problematic even today, due to the lack of clear diacritic morphological features between the closely related species, the high variability of the morphological features used for taxonomical purposes depending on the environmental conditions and the occ...

Technological parameters of the introduction of grapes into the in vitro culture have been improved. The use of growth regulators (6-BAP, 2iP, kinetin) contributed to the enhancement of rhizogenesis and an increase in the coefficient of in vitro plant reproduction. New methods for adapting grape plants that were in vitro improved to in vivo conditions at the reproduction stage have been studied. It has been shown that all concentrations of lingo-humate had a positive effect on plants, which in turn contributed to ...

The development of the most efficient technology is extremely important to synchronize work on the laying yielding strawberry parent plants. The main link here should be the material obtained in vitro. The most vulnerable element of in vitro technology is adaptation to non-sterile conditions, when it is very difficult to simultaneously control a large number of factors and when very large plant losses are possible. The fundamentally new method of adapting microplants to hydroponics has been tested and allows us to...

Amiodarone (AMD) is an antiarrhythmic agent included in the 2nd class according to the biopharmaceutical classification of drug substances. The oral bioavailability of AMD in conventional pharmaceutical formulations exhibits large interindividual variations due to the rapid dealkylation of the molecule to desethylaminodarone (inactive metabolite) and due to low hydrosolubility. The complexation of the drug substance in the central cavity of various kinds of cyclodextrins is one of the most effective methods for op...

Several countries have developed separate strategies for the introduction and development of entrepreneurship education. In turn, the involvement of young people in entrepreneurship has been on the agenda of the European Union since the economic crisis, when in many member countries it was exactly the young people who were most impacted by the narrowing of the labor market and consequently the sharp rise in unemployment. Despite the fact that not all students potentially starting a business will be successful, uns...

One of the most important tasks of educational process improvement in training of highly skilled doctors at the Medical Institute is a determination of significant skills and abilities, which students are to obtain from the first days of their study. The purpose of this article is to reveal methods how to increase cognitive activity of Medical Institute students of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov in foreign languages (English, German, French, Japanese, etc.). It also concerns Latin la...

Nowadays, the demands on urban intelligence and the protection of their inhabitants vary widely. This is due to technical progress (especially in information technology) and the possible dangers to which the population must be protected. The potential danger is caused by natural influences, human activity and also accidents. With population growth and urban migration, it is difficult for cities to be a quality and safe place to live. Smart City is one of the concepts applying the principles of sustainable developm...

All the recent studies about green buildings agree upon the importance of their envi-ronmental sustainability. This goal finds confirmation also through the recent green building assessment tools, which give higher rating points to environmental aspects of sustainability. Certainly the increase of buildings performances, thanks to an efficient use of energy, water and materials, or waste and CO2 emission reduction, is a tangible way to reduce environmental impact, but it couldn?t be enough in high-density urban ar...

Development of the mining industry has influenced the formation of the landscape throughout the history of mankind. In some cases, it can have disastrous consequences at both local and regional levels. Such situation arose in the south of the Western Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century. The research group focused on the manufacturing complex of Kolyvano-Voskresensky (until 1834, and Altaisky after that) mountain district which became not only the main supplier of fine silver for the Russian Empire, but also a...

The world around us is constantly changing, which implies a good organization of all existing resources, especially labor resources. At times, there is a demand for goods or services that require a very high workforce. In other situations, all this is reduced and other economic processes and phenomena attract. These changes need not only be understood, but also predicted, in order not to have unpleasant events. Usually employees and employers are people, most of the time, without training in the economic field. It...

In the years 2011-2017, 21 boreholes were drilled in the area of the Grodziec syncline as a part of exploration and prospecting works related to copper ores. The borehole recognition was complemented with 2D seismic reflection survey in 2017. As a result, the geological structure of the Grodziec syncline located in the E part of the North Sudetic Synclinorium (south-western Poland) was made more detailed. It is a secondary synclinal unit formed in the alpine orogenesis as a result of block movements of the crystal...

Traffic management systems are used usually to try to reduce congestion and improve road safety. The main sources of pollution at European level are cars. In the present paper, it presents the effect of these traffic management systems on vehicles emissions and pollutions. It presented the most frequently types used by traffic management systems and assessment of their possible effects on vehicle emissions and consumption of fuel. In 1990, the number of local public transport journeys was 2.5 billion, of which 52%...

A change in the groundwater formation conditions occurs under the influence of human impact on the environment. Changes relate to both quantitative indicators of formation, such as natural reserves and natural resources, and qualitative, such as mineralization, temperature, chemical composition and gas composition. The impact of changes in natural conditions under the influence of economic activity on the conditions of groundwater formation in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the impact of c...

The paper is focused on the effect of biochar amendment on the soil water content. Biochar used for the field experiment was produced from paper fiber sludge and grain husks (1:1 w/w) by pyrolysis at 550°C for 30 minutes. The field study was conducted at the experimental site in Nitra region Slovakia (lat. 48°19?00??, lon. 18°09?00??). The biochar was incorporated into the soil (0-10 cm) in spring 2014. The plots (4m x 6m) were organized in randomized block design. The experiment consisted of 5 levels of biochar a...

Magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) is a chemically bonded cementitious binder prepared by mixing dead burned magnesia powder with KH2PO4 and water. Comparing with conventional Portland cements, MKPCs exhibit some advantageous parameters as low dry shrinkage and high early compressive strengths that predestine them mainly for rapid repair of infrastructure. To reduce the heat evolution and cost related to the use of this type of cement, MKPC was blended with 30-50 % by mass of biomass ash. Dead burned magn...

The formation of spring wheat harvest in the forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk territory is influenced by highly varying biotic and abiotic factors that are often stressful. Many researchers associate the magnitude of crop variation in time and space with the nature of the development and variability of elements of the structure of the crop, which is largely determined by the biological characteristics of the variety, its plasticity. The purpose of research is to evaluate the varieties of spring wheat yield and env...

Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) regenerates well naturally and is not much affected by different biotic and abiotic factors, except wind. It is increasingly recognized as fast growing species, important for veneer production, thus establishment and management of its stands are promoted. In contrast to coniferous trees, there is much less experience in birch reaction to thinning, thus the optimal management regime. Therefore aim of our study was to assess the influence of thinning on increment of silver birch a...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of adulteration agents (glucose, fructose, inverted sugar, and hydrolysed inulin syrup and malt wort) addition into honey on texture parameters (viscosity, hardness, adhesion, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness and gumminess). For this purpose, 5 honey samples of different botanical origins (acacia, honeydew, polyfloral, sunflower and tilia) has been adulterated with different percentages 0, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% respectively with glucose, fructose, inv...

Oil deposits in Bashkirian strata regionally oil-saturated, within the Volga-Ural oil and gas bearing province. They contain up to 30% of hydrocarbon reserves. Bashkirian strata are represented by carbonate complexes of various lithological type. Only packstone and grainstone have properties of oil-saturated reservoirs, mudstone and wackestone are dense rocks. A characteristic feature of the Bashkirian carbonates is the wide presence of stylolites filled by greenish-gray clay minerals. It is known, that hydrocarbo...

The climatic drought indices are used for evaluation of drought conditions, but also vegetation indices derived from remote sensing images reflect the impact of drought on vegetation vigor. The aim of the study was to confirm suitability of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a tool for drought assessment in conditions of Slovakia. Verification of the method was done by correlation analysis between monthly NDVI and Z-index during the main growing season (from April to October) in the period from 2000 ...

Lens culinaris (lentil) has high concentrations of phenolic acids, polyphenols, proteins, dietary fibers and vitamins. Lentil microgreen has been shown to possess antidiabetic activity, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activity and antioxidant activity. In the present paper, we have studied the influence of brewer?s spent yeast, typical breweries? waste product, in the germination and growth substrate on the lentil sprouts. The changes in the concentration of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity were monitored...