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Nowadays, new rural paradigm foresees sustainable development and the transition of agriculture and rural areas from agricultural origin goods providers to providers of various goods and services, which are based on ecosystem services, especially agroecosystem services. The one group of ecosystem services - provisioning services (biomass e.g. food and fiber) could be better provided by intensive and industrialized farms. The other group of ecosystem services could be assured by farms complying with the agro-ecolog...

Conversion of vegetable oils and fats are of the great attention in the last decades. The main processes used in the triglyceride processing are transesterification, hydrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation, and hydrogenation. The last two reactions can be concerned with hydrotreatment processes, allowing the formation of hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, and fatty aldehydes. These compounds can be used as fuel components, intermediated for the synthesis of surfactants, fragrances, pharmaceutical etc. In the current work, the s...

The article describes methodological approaches to calculation of ecology-economic index of the Russian Federation regions as an aggregated indicator of sustainable development. Calculation results of main quantity are presented. Ecology-economic index of Kursk region is made up of this quantity. Data analysis demonstrates that genuine savings of our region practically don't differ in size from gross savings of basic capital because the sum of indicator indexes is approximately equal. The indicator is compensated ...

The main air pollutants in the urban areas are power stations and transport. As a result of fuel combustion, heavy metals and solid particles with unknown composition enter the atmosphere. Concentrations of heavy metals in the snow can be an indicator of air pollution in urban areas, also giving us indications on the origin of pollution. Heavy metals accumulated in the snow in significant quantities in the cold period. But in the spring, runoff after the melting of snow presents a significant source of pollution i...

Vanadium and nickel are concentrated in the asphaltene-resinous part of the oil; while the maximum amount of these metals is found in asphaltenes. Vanadium as the vanadyl cation VO2+ and nickel in the form of the cation Ni2+ are coordinated predominantly by porphyrins and their tetrapyrrole analogs. Petroleum feedstock with high metals content is unsuitable for catalytic refining processes. In addition, vanadium and nickel significantly affect the thermal cracking and hydrodemetallization of heavy oil residues. Pr...

The Northern Dvina River and Kyanda River of the White Sea basin are characterized by similar natural conditions ? long cold winters, short cool summers, podzolic type of soil formation, high wetlands (up to 20%) and wooded areas (about 80%). Despite a number of common features, the Northern Dvina River, unlike Kyanda River, experiences a significant anthropogenic influence from the enterprises of pulp and paper and wood chemical industry, heat power engineering, mechanical engineering and others. The Kyanda River...

Bottom sediments are a specific component of aquatic ecosystems. They are actively involved in the accumulation, redistribution and mass transfer of chemical elements, including heavy metals. They can contribute to the purification of the water column, due to its depositing properties. However, they can also serve as a source of secondary pollution, as a result of the transition of pollutants into the suspended matter. The intensity of accumulation and migration of substances is directly dependent on the lithologi...

This paper is about dynamics of waters of the Keret Bay in the Chupa Estuary, Kandalaksha Bay of a semi-enclosed Arctic sea ? White Sea, Russia. It is a small semi-isolated tidal estuary with special features because of mixing fresh waters of River Keret and Chupa Estuary during tidal cycles, and due to complicated topography of the area. Water exchange in tidal Keret estuary happen out through three small straits. Hydrographic surveys of the water area were carried out during summer seasons of 2006-2014. In 2009-...

This article presents the numerical analysis results obtained with a finite element of a corrugated steel box culvert. This article also presents the analysis of the main characteristics of the backfill soil, as well as predicting the value of the material properties. The analyses the plastic soil behavior and its interaction with buried flexible structures. Among all the theories available, three different theories were selected that describe the model properly. The theories used and compared are called Mohr Coul...

European Nitrate Directive relates to water protection against nitrates pollution from agricultural sources. The Directive was transposed in Romanian legislation by the Government Decision no. 964/2000 with its subsequent amendments which approve the Action Plan for water protection against nitrates pollution from agricultural sources. Its objectives are to reduce water pollution with nitrates from agricultural sources and to prevent this type of pollution. According to the Action Plan in each vulnerable zone, an ...

Approaching the issue of fertilizers with organic substances of the bio stimulants class is a difficult task as the concept is far from complete elucidation and the legislation, research and experimental activities are still incipient as this products category with agricultural use is concerned. Any substance or micro organism applied to plants with the purpose to enhance nutrition efficiency, non biotic stress bearing, and/or crops quality features regardless of their nutrient content can be generally defined as ...

Humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) are widespread, being present in soil, water, lake sediments, peat, and different coal. Therefore, there is a great interest for their immense role in terrestrial and aquatic systems, as well as their bio-stimulatory effects on plant growth. Humic substances, through their positive effects on plant nutrition and by increasing the tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress, lead to higher yields and superior quality crops. Their role in agriculture is essential, but humic subst...

The paper presents technology of monitoring a reinforced concrete pillar-connector of prefabricated walls. Prefabricated units made from a modified Polytech mortar containing expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to build a residential object. Reinforced concrete pillars that serve as wall connectors in Polytech system are load-bearing elements. In order to control the reinforced concrete connector of prefabricated walls under realistic conditions, a control technology was applied that involved int...

The main purpose of this paper is to present the process of fast and efficient acquisition of field data in order to create a map of the maneuvering area and aprons of the Deblin Airport (EPDE) using Mobile Mapper 50 receiver with Mobile Mapper Field Application. The area navigation (RNAV) uses runway information, field obstacles, and other important factors that support a precision and non-precision instrumental approach and landing procedure. Therefore, the development of RNAV flight procedures requires the acqu...

Air pollution is one of the most important problems of the contemporary society. One of the vital reasons for bad air quality are particulate matters and gases, generated by municipal and household sector, coming from coal-fired boiler houses and heating stoves used in houses. This source of pollution is named as low-stack emission. The situation is especially difficult in the regions of high population density, such as South Poland. In this region air belongs to the most polluted in the European Union. The concen...

Nonwoven geotextiles have been used as filter and drainage materials in geotechnical works in the past 40 years. Geotextiles are easy to install and they help to minimize clogging effect of drainage systems, however sometimes geotextiles may not drain water as effectively as was expected. Drainage and filter layers have to cope with more severe clogging mechanism (chemical, biological and physical). Clogging, which involves the accumulation of material within the void space of drainage medium, is a problem in drai...

The article discusses financial literacy-FL, the history of its development, and the current research conducted in this sphere. The author carried out a survey that studied the level of FL of the target audience and developed guidelines for the improvement of FL among the population. The surveys were aimed at finding out how aware the target audience is of the information that constitutes FL. The survey results have shown that students were poorly informed about the pension system and banking products and services...

Goal. To consider the main environmental problems of the region, the directions of their solution and the financial and economic indicators envisaged under the federal law В«Environmental ProtectionВ» and the corresponding regional program on the example of the Leningrad Region. Object of research is the methodology of the analysis and management of financing of actions at the state and regional level in the sphere of ecology for the purpose of identification of financial priorities in the field of environmental p...

The aim of the article is to map the possibilities of investment activities financing for the development of technical infrastructure in the municipality. Generally this is one of the most frequent investment activities in municipalities. The article introduces the insight in the sewerage system and wastewater treatment plant construction. These investments are most often carried out due to the need of development the services for the municipality residents and changes in the legislation in the field of waste wate...

As the initial data, we used the results of recording the Earth's magnetic field at the Geophysical observatory "Mikhnevo" of the Institute of Geospheres Dynamics (54.959?N, 37.766?E), carried out in the period 2010-2015. On the basis of the results of instrumental observations, it is shown that in the spectra of geomagnetic variations the quasiharmonic component is clearly distinguished, the frequency of which is close to the basic spheroidal mode of the Earth 0S2. In periods of 15 days after three major earthqua...

Deformation analysis represents an actual and important theme, therefore methods for improving the tracking and analysis process of deformations, both for constructions and for lands, as well as diminishing the necessary time for deformation analysis, are the main concerns for the specialists and not only. When it comes to major constructions or constructions of particular importance, deformation analysis proves to be an extremely important tool. The results of the analysis can be used in decision-making systems f...

The proportional-integral-differential (PID) law is often used to control the induction heating process. Mathematical modeling of induction heating in a three-dimensional formulation is associated with high costs of machine time to solve the electromagnetic field equations. The need to recalculate the heat dissipation field due to changing the power of the inductors at a small sampling period of PID controller leads to an excessive amount of calculations. Two methods of calculation of temperature fields of inducti...

Fracturing using propellant systems is recognized as a cheap alternative to conventional hydraulic fracturing in circumstances where heavy pumping equipment is not available. Usually, fracturing wells with propellants is used as an initial stage, preceding conventional hydraulic fracturing, and to improve the injectivity of the borehole. This method has a number of advantages: the length of the fractures ranges from 1.0 to 5.0 m and it eliminates compatibility problems between the formation fluid and the fracturin...

The parking platforms required for the operation of different industrial, service, goods storing and manipulating companies, inside boarding houses, hotels, stores, gas stations, etc., are continuously and quickly developing, in close line with the development of economic activities and the construction field. The technical solutions applied to realize the resistance structures for these surfaces are very diverse and, in several cases, do not include a proper resistance calculation according to the traffic intensi...

The article presents project implementation within Slovak Hungarian cooperation SKHU/1601/4.1/187. It includes flood modelling to predict the size and location of the flooded area. The target area is the catchment area of Hern?d/Horn?d river. Due to the cross-border nature of disasters, the objectives could be achieved more efficiently by the framework of a Hungarian-Slovakian joint cooperation. The results will ensure prompt data and information to support the decision making of disaster management authorities, a...

Flooding caused by storm surges, tropical storms and hurricanes causes severe damages in Haiti every year. When these inundations occur, the affected areas become inaccessible, preventing field work to register the flood water height and extent. Highresolution satellite imagery and aerial photography, on the other hand, are too expensive for a developing country like Haiti. The lack of this data results in a lack of adequate flood maps and models, making it impossible to predict the cost of the damages and take th...

The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) in the global economy has incentivised many researchers to search for alternative sources of those metals. For many years fly ashes have been the subject of such research, which indicate that they might be fit for REE recovery. One of the primary problems with recovering those metals from fly ashes faced by process engineers is the form in which they occur. As research shows, REEs occur in fly ashes in the glass and other mineral components (e.g. monazite, xenotime and oth...

Wetlands, in the transformed agricultural landscape, play an important role in preserving and enriching biodiversity. The study covered 35 mid-field wetlands. Floristic and phytosociological investigations allowed us to determine the species composition of the plant communities present in the analysed wetlands. The mapping of existing plant communities was performed on each studied object. A route method was used to determine the ranges of plant patches using the GPS location system. Within the scope of each ident...

In recent years, special attention is paid problems of ensure the rare-earth products of various high-tech fields. Currently rare metal raw materials are used in the chemical industry, electronics, information technology, communication technology and others.The primary task of this work is to investigate the possibility of using methods of flotation for the concentration of target components from dilute aqueous solutions. The aim of the work was to research of the recovery of rare earth elements (REE) by adsorptio...

This study shows how material and immaterial flows can be analysed. The basis for the analysis is the equality principle and its mathematical expression the EUROPE model (the model for Efficient Use of Resources for Optimal Production Economy) which creates economic incentives to improve nature, advance the technological standard and increase profits. Particularly, the flows of cargo transportation, mega city supplies, long distance water transportation and various substance flows are described. The theoretical fi...

A salt stratified Lake Shira has been the subject of extensive research because of its central role in the existence of the Khakassia resort area. The previous research was mainly aimed at water quality issues. The studies of the physical dynamics of Lake Shira relevant to the present work include the general observation of currents on the basis of the field experiments in 2011-2014. Velocity measurements were carried out using Doppler Current Profilers with frequency 600 kHz and 1200 kHz in the bottom track mode ...

Conceptual model of laboratory settling tank with cross current multiflux packet is presented in this article. Geometrical parameters of the sedimentation tank were obtained during numerical analysis of flow condition in the settling tank. Additionally effects of different kinds of modifications in the sedimentation chamber in settling tank were also presented. The results of the analysis made it possible to obtain even flow of the fluid in the working space of the tank. The simulations, which were carried out usi...

The purpose of this study is to identify relationships between the values of the fluidity obtained by computer simulation and by practically implemented tests. Three types of molds were used: 1. horizontal three-channel mold designed in the accordance with the methodology of the Measurement Systems Analysis which is useful for determining repeatability and reproducibility in the analysis, 2. vertical mold ? the lyre and 3. the spiral mold (Curry spiral). An aluminum - silicon - copper alloy was model material. The...

One of the most complicated and difficult problems in design of foundations is the nesseserity to quantify changes in the strength and deformation properties of soils foundations according to projected increase in soil moisture. This article presents the results of solving such kinds of problems on the example of a residential complex of twenty buildings, located in the Eastern part of Kazan City. The forecast of changes of hydrogeological conditions over a period of 50 years had been made by using numerical model...

The mining sector is currently undergoing a transformation. The reforms result from the difficult economic situation in mining companies, which is a consequence of the low price of natural gas, substantial coal supplies in ports and power plants storage sites as well as the growing energy production from renewable sources. Unfortunately, a drop in prices does not cause a decrease in the cost of raw material production. Such a situation causes that Polish coal is not competitive on international markets. The ongoin...

The relevance of the issue under study lay in the opportunity to predict climate change on the planet in the context of ever-increasing greenhouse gas emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources. Will it result in global warming or global cooling? The paper aimed at revealing correspondence between greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and temperature change. The leading approach to the problem study was a method of physicochemical (thermodynamic) simulation with the use of the ?Selector-S? software wi...

Under the current conditions of the functioning of agribusiness entities, forecasting of agribusiness development is of great importance. First of all, it is related to the fact that the Republic of Mari El belongs to the agroindustrial region. In addition, the enhancement of the integration processes is observed at the present time in the Republic of Mari El and new forms of integration of the economic entities of agribusiness are formed due to these processes. The formation and development of the competitiveness...

The research investigates the relation between the magnetic field deviations and the forest stand volume. The object of the experiment for the study of wood stock and related quantities was selected on the basis of the magnetic field deviations map. The Ogre Magnetic Field Anomaly Region has been selected for the research. The magnetic anomalies (magnetic field deviations) data were created digitally: a full polygon layer with values, vectorial data were obtained by adding the measurement data of the magnetic fiel...

An up to date forest inventory is the key precondition for a sustainable forest usage. Especially for owners of smaller forests, the inventory is a major cost factor, as they do not generate huge revenues from their forestry units but still have to pay the forest surveyor. One result of this situation is, that many owners do not use the timber in their forests and the timber volume, which is available for the industry, is significantly lower than it should be. The solution is a cost-efficient inventory, which can ...

The article considers a formal and functional description of international timber transportation logistical system as a distributing system. The formal representation of the international timber transportation process requires the consideration of a big number of factors affecting transportation. In addition, the transportation process takes place on the territory of several states and depends on the transport network significantly. In this regard, the use of the system analysis method will be most effective. A se...

Environmental Citizenship is a key factor in EU's growth strategy (Europe 2020) and its vision for Sustainable Development and Green and Circular economy. Significant behavior change amongst both individuals and organizations is required in order to meet Europe?s sustainability objectives and climate change targets. At a general level, policies aimed at changing behavior have tended to rely on two aspects: the introduction of fiscal measures and statutory legislation or market-based measures. Unfortunately, relati...

The solution of the problem of formalization of document flow processes with the help of the proposed model of multilevel graphs of information processing has considered in the article. Despite the significant development of machine data processing technologies, the theoretical basis for their application and adaptation to the architecture of electronic document management systems is poorly developed. The model of multilevel graphs of information processing which is formalize a structure of document flow of the or...

Environmental problems show their relevance at the present stage of gradual depletion of resources and increasing demands on product quality and the state of the environment, which in turn entails a change in the requirements for management systems that currently need to include quality management systems, environmental management systems environment, occupational safety and health management systems, social responsibility requirements, which are reflected in international standards ISO 9000, ISO 14 000, OHSAS 180...

Skin cancer is a disease with an increasing incidence due to its complex etiology and various forms of manifestation. The topical treatment can be a successful therapeutic approach in early diagnosed cutaneous neoplasm. The main drawback of the drugs currently in use is the low bioavailability caused by many pathophysiological and pharmaceutical factors. The aim of the present study was to develop new modifiedrelease topical products by encapsulating bexarotene into biocompatible silica matrices and by formulating...

Salt water intrusions of marine origin are a major cause of contamination for coastal fresh water aquifers. They are generated mainly by the uncontrolled exploitation of fresh water in pumping stations from coastal areas. In Romania, such marine intrusions have occurred in the southern part of Black Sea's coastline, in the area of Vama Veche and Costine?ti resorts, contaminating the main aquifers which are hosted within Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) lumachelic and oolitic limestones. Fresh water exploitation man...

Renewable-energy sources are considered to be the energy that is collected from sources that may be regenerated in a lifetime. The renewable-energy sources branch out in five types: wind power, hydropower, solar energy, geothermal energy and bio energy. However, in this paper, we are analyzing the water, solar and wind, since those three are the most exploited in Romania. Wind power refers to produce electric power, by mechanical powered generators when air flows through wind turbines. Alternatively, to fossil fue...

Together with clay and rocks, wood represents the oldest building material, used for developing the overall infrastructure, namely civil structures, road and bridge elements. Its use as critical building material is still wide spread worldwide, due to intrinsic qualities of wood as building material and also due to its availability, being generously offered by nature. Romania, despite of huge lacks of legislation and practical protection of forests and wood as strategic resource, still has important, high quality,...

The wind energy is a modern and efficient solution that uses the air flow through wind turbines to mechanically power generators for electric power production, being an alternative to burning fossil fuels. Wind power is renewable, widely distributed, produces no greenhouse gas emissions, consumes no water and uses small land areas. A wind turbine converts the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. The electrical power generator and the steel upper structure of a wind turbine are equipments where were i...

The Motru-Rovinari coal basin is placed in South-West Development Region on an area of about 522.54 km2 and is part of Oltenia mining region. Since the 50-60?s (1955- 1960) it was opened here the open cast mining from which was extracted lignite, a quality charcoal. There followed the years of communism when were opened many fronts of exploitation and now has over 50 quarries, micro quarries, dumps and mining extraction. Opening and exploiting the high capacity of coal in this extractions unit, needed to find solu...

Task of advancing geonavigation becomes an actual topic when constructing a horizontal trunk of oil and gas reservoir of geophysical studies of horizontal wells. Advancing geonavigation allows to predict intersection of trunk with boundaries of oil-gas reservoir. Mathematical model of unsteady electromagnetic field of a horizontal conductive plate is approximated by the known plane ???? and excited by a horizontal magnetic dipole; Plane ???? is transformed into a vertical half-plane ???? by dynamic method of mirro...