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In the framework of this study, the main prerequisites, conditions and stages of the modern concept of sustainable development are considered. The content of this concept is revealed, general principles, criteria and indicators of sustainable development are determined, the features of the development of the ?green? economy in the conditions of digitalization of the world economic system are considered. Taking into account these features, a model of the regional concept have been developed describing sustainable d...

The European Commission is investing in EU industry for a modern, clean and fair economy. Innovation is a key factor in the competitiveness of European industry. Following the European experience, the aim of the article is to identify sustainable innovative directions for the development of the oil and gas sector in the context of global trends. The article shows that the period from 2014 to the present time is characterized by the fact that in a situation of a drastic decline in oil prices, the world oil and gas ...

Wood was the most common source of energy on earth, being gradually replaced by fossil fuels. Given that the wood used in the generating stations comes from properly managed forests, then the carbon emitted from the chimneys can be annihilated by the carbon that is absorbed and used by the freshly planted trees. Wood can therefore be considered as carbon neutral. It remains to be seen if this theory is actually verified. Once it was decided to classify wood as a renewable source, its consumption increased exponent...

In the context of the increasing concern on controlling carbon emissions, global warming and in order to reduce energy consumption, buildings design must take into account the criteria of energy efficiency and the use of local renewable resources imposed by EU requirements for 2020. Thermal insulating materials based on natural fibers as building materials are increasingly being studied for their low environmental impact and availability. The present paper reviews the state of the art of research on the influence ...

Phosphorus, as one of the biogenic elements, is a compound conditioning the life of organisms, as well as plays an important role in the industry. The processes related to the recycling of phosphorus compounds and closing the loop of it, result primarily from the financial situation on world markets, the state of deposits of this element and the implementation of EU directives - Critical Raw Materials and Circular Economy. In the face of such conditions, the recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge is an importan...

This paper presents a joint research program conducted by the scientific contribution of Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) and the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Romania aiming at developing sustainable Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) mixtures for using in concrete New Jersey barriers. The research program included an assessment on the fresh and hardened properties of: C25/30, C35/45, C40/50, and C50/60 strength classes of concrete mixtures to be used in the prefabrication of concrete ...

Ethanol dehydrogenation is commonly used as a process of production valuable products: acetaldehyde - the starting material for the synthesis of a large number of industrial chemicals such as acetic acid, acetate esters and hydrogen - attractive product for renewable energy. It is important also that alcohols produced from biomass (bio alcohols) can be considered as a renewable raw material. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of composition and synthesis method of Al-Zr-Ce-complex oxides with 5%...

This study focused on the synthesis and characterization of L-proline polymer composite that will be tested for mild steel corrosion protection. Poly(butylene succinate) extended with 1,6-diisocyanatihexane (PBS) and L-proline were utilized to the synthesis of poly(butylene succinate)-L-proline composite. Solution polymerization was used as the method to get the amorphous water soluble polymer composite; and was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. SEM-EDX of the polymerized composites was performed and the % count...

Formation of gas hydrates is a problem in the petroleum industry where the gas hydrates are responsible for the blockage of flow lines, valves and well heads, thereby causing great loss of production and other severe safety hazards to the oil and gas industry. This topic is the most challenging subject in flow assurance problems in oil and gas industry. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are water-soluble polymers that are used to prevent gas hydrate blockages and they have been used in the field successfully. In t...

Surfactant flooding is a significant method used in enhanced oil recovery to reduce the amount of oil in pore space of matrix rock. These materials are injected to mobilize heavy oil by lowering the interfacial tension between oil and water and/or by the wettability alteration from oil-wet to water-wet. A various of cationic, anionic, non-ionic, and amphoteric surfactants have been studied. Although surfactant/polymer flooding is one of the most promising methods available to recover residual and remaining oil, it...

Metal oxide pillared interlayered clays (PILCs) possesses several attractive properties, such as constant high porosity with presence of both micropores and mesopores, thermal stability (up to 450В°C), surface acidity and catalytic active components - metal oxide pillars. Thanks to these specific characteristics of PILCs they can be used either as catalyst or as catalyst support in a wide range of catalytic applications, including catalytic cracking processes. In this work Fe-pillared interlayered clays (Fe-PILCs)...

The interaction of permanganate ions with iron(II) cations as the basis for the synthesis of a composite magnetoactive compound has been studied. The reaction was carried out in an acidic medium, for this purpose an iron(II) sulfate solution was prepared with the addition of sulfuric acid. Condensation was carried out using an alkaline reagent after the redox reaction. The influence of the consumption of potassium permanganate on the magnetic activity of the reaction product has been experimentally studied. Theore...

In information technologies classical rules of regulation are often used for designing systems of automated control of technological objects. Application of these rules requires access to the aprioristic information on the object of control. One of the main causes for the development of new approaches is a lack of aprioristic information on the studied object which is adequately described by a representative class of nonlinear dynamic models perfectly demonstrating the most significant and important properties of ...

It is important to analyze the current state of a person during respiration in individual breathing apparatus. For that reason, you need to register cardiorespiratory parameters of a human. Reusable simulators of breathing apparatus with specific hardware and software are used for these purposes. They allow simulating the conditions of the breathing, equivalent to primary breathing apparatus with chemically bound oxygen. During the development of the mine insulating self-rescuer simulator for the personnel of mini...

In the last time developments in technological field have happened in a pretty rapid tempo, humanity having actually over the years the conviction that these developments will have only positive desired effects. Without any doubt this progress has assured in the past the increase of humanity quality of life by using technologies for different specific human activities. Anyway 1972 after publishing the first report to the Club of Rome ?The Limits to Growth? it was finally understood that besides wanted effects of t...

In the study it was assumed that it is possible to identify a set of geoinformation that has a mitigating or enhancing effect on financial losses caused by the occurrence of extreme weather phenomena. Among the wide group of factors of spatial, environmental, agroclimatic and economic natures, a ten-element set of geoinformation which affects the vulnerability of the area used for agricultural purposes to the resulting financial losses was identified. Thanks to the selected group of characteristics it was possible...

At present, more 900 million tons and 630 million tons of crushed tailings of copper ores are accumulated in tailings storages of Jeskasgan and Balkhash ore-processing plants, respectively. Micromineralogical studies of tails in cemented polished sections are showed the following copper minerals: chalcopyrite is the most common among them and the amount of its grains in cemented sections varies from 30 to 50 %; covellite - from 5 to 20 %; chalcocite - from rare grains to 20 %; bornite - from 4 to 25 %. Other miner...

The aim of this research is to teach ethical decision-making to future economists by solving the problem of advertising to children shown in the in the English-language documentary ?Consuming Kids?. Research methods included analysis of literature on the issues of what is ethical/unethical and the decision-making process, and the evaluation of 14 business reports written by students. The writing task entailed looking into the problem of the negative effects of advertising to children and preparing a report to the ...

Simulation and training technologies offer new opportunities for improving the quality of teaching at universities. The introduction of new progressive teaching is based on simulation and situational methods. Simulation methods create a playful character of the situation without a confrontational character, as is the case in real life. It makes it easier for students to move forward and gain insight. Situational methods are procedures for problem solving of model situations. Their basis is based on a real extraord...

Characteristics of educational technology used at the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography focused on C++ programming language teaching students of geodetic specialties are presented. The new C++ programming course for geodesy and cartography students has been developed. This course is geared towards the needs of geodesy and cartography department of higher school. The current task is to elaborate a wide geodetic collection of tasks for C++ programming exercises. The need to develop a specialized C++...

The application of reactive materials in the form of a Deep Permeable Reactive Barrier during and after coal conversion constitutes an innovative concept of protecting the environment from georeactor influence. The reactive materials filling the post-process cavern will make it possible to remove or immobilise the gaseous and liquid contaminants that may be subject to leaching, while also reinforcing rock mass stability. The article pays particular attention to the technical and legal possibilities for reactive ma...

Applying sustainable development principles interferes with various spheres of human life. The greatest attention is paid to housing, transport, health protection, pollution, etc., i.e. areas noticeable by ordinary residents. Less emphasis is placed on the area of sustainable technical infrastructure. Minimum attention is paid to maintenance, operation, and repairs; and we may in this case often experience emergency maintenance only. Most operators and owners of the technical equipment have recently reported incre...

Sintioana, the component of the Sinmartin commune, Cluj County, it was necessary to execute operations at legal, economical and technical level. This operation was done successively on cadastral sectors. The present paper deals with the study of the technical operations necessary for the introduction of the real estate cadastre, as well as the achievement of the site and delimitation plans for each building in part, from four cadastral sectors of within the built-up area of Sintioana. In order to take over the tec...

The paper presents and analyses different solutions to determine the alignment to be taken into account in designing forestry roads in order to prevent and remove the effects of natural calamities. The proposed solutions take into account the area of the forestry roads in order to integrate them harmoniously in the region landscape. The paper also presents a case study concerning the solutions adopted to remove the effects caused by the natural calamities in the summer of 2016 on certain forestry roads in the Timi...

Underground waters in St. Petersburg are strategic reserve of drinking water. Dense urban development, motor transport and industrial enterprises directly affect the quality of groundwater. In addition, groundwater can also carry pollutants into the Gulf of Finland. The main purpose of this article was to assess the state of groundwater in the coastal part of St. Petersburg. The study was based on the processing of laboratory analyzes primary results of water samples collected in the framework of state monitoring ...

The Murmansk region is in the group of the old industrial regions of the Arctic zone. Mining, metallurgical, chemical and other industries have been intensively developing in the region since the 1930s. The main environmental problems of the region include pollution of the environment and waste generation. Staff of the Department of Geoecology and Nature Management of St. Petersburg State University has conducted monitoring studies in the impact area of the Severonickel since 2001. According to the wind rise monit...

Technological and material analysis of construction works helps to achieve the intended goals set for a given undertaking taking into investment not only time and cost factors. It is worth considering the choice of a design solution in terms of material and work technology. The authors exchanged the benefits of the analysis of the technological and material performance of construction works for both the investor and the contractor. They presented the evaluation method using the selection of appropriate criteria. A...

When metal structures are manufactured, the heat cycle introduced by the applied welding technology can cause structural changes in the base material, as well as residual stresses, which under certain circumstances can lead to changes in the shape of the structure. This paper analyses certain possibilities to avoid and reduce the stress level and the distortions in the welded structure by applying various welding technological methods. The paper presents the results obtained after the fillet welds were made using ...

For the development of the aviation industry companies more and more important becomes the issue of sustainable development. It was found that the technology creativity can play an important role in minimizing the negative impact of aviation companies on the environment, for example by initiating and realization of innovative projects related to environmental protection. Technology creativity gives rise to a new perspective on the development of contemporary enterprises, in particular for high-tech enterprises tha...

Technology entrepreneurship should be understood as a strategic mechanism of the organization?s development, while the core of this development is the use of modern technologies and social processes constitute an indispensable frame. In other words, an organization, as an entity of technology entrepreneurship strategy, is a catalyst for technology ventures, ranging from a technological idea to the market product. A model of technology entrepreneurship as a long-term mechanism for development of an organization is ...

The paper describes a technology of controlling a prefabricated wall made of new material called Polytech used to produce prefabricated units. Prefabricated units made from a modified Polytech mortar based on expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to build a single-family residential building. Prefabricated elements are provided as wall panels. In order to control the prefabricated wall under realistic conditions, an innovative control technology was suggested that involved installation of a fiber B...

The paper describes technology of monitoring a joist slab used in a single-family residential building constructed in the Polytech system. Prefabricated units made from a modified mortar based on expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to manufacture building walls. The joist slab is based on prefabricated walls, by means of a reinforced concrete tie beam. In order to control the tie beam under realistic conditions, a monitoring technology was suggested that involved introducing fiber Bragg gratings ...

To date, the photographic methods of core analysis are represented mainly by multispectral and luminescent analyses. There is, however, one more method called close-range photogrammetry allowing creation of three-dimensional models of core samples. This means that one can obtain a high-resolution image of the core sample?s surface and then use it as a virtual thin section. This paper presents a method for obtaining textures and surface patterns of the core, as well as techniques for their processing with the aim o...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has now become a reality and, in many areas, it is already used, being very secure. The advantages of AI are unlimited and do not only influence everyday life, but also in all industries. This includes the automotive industry, which could lead to faster mode of transport and a significant reduction in the number of accidents and harmful CO2 emissions. Communication with a car now has a variety of different functions, most of which use the cloud - a relatively new idea - and everything ...

The article discusses issues related climate change and its influence on development strategies, as well as the resultant need to implement energy efficient solutions in the process of shaping architectural space. New rules regarding planning and developing architectural spaces require the implementation of environmental protection solutions and strategies that involve the use of construction materials, technologies and concepts that comply with the requirements of sustainable architecture. The article discusses t...

The article deals with the creation and verification of a new procedure for the determination of spatial objects contained in the VFP (land exchange format in the Czech Republic) necessary for complex landscaping and landscape protection by UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems). It focuses on verifying spatial accuracy on a pilot sample of data obtained by double scanning at the Obratan test site and establishing input parameters and conditions for site mapping so that the new method of unmanned aerial systems complies wi...

Cave rescue operations are difficult and very complex. One of the most important factors that affect the effectiveness of cave rescue operations is pre-planning. 3D modelling of caves provides new opportunities for it. Terrestrial laser scanning was used to create 3D model of Diabla Dziura in Bukowiec Cave. Three types of stretchers, used by local Mountain Rescue Service, were measured and scanned. The analysis consisted in a virtual ?transport of the patient? in a 3D model of the cave. Using this method, zones wh...

Pongamia Pinnata oil has been considered as one of potential sources for commercial production of biodiesel in Pakistan. Undiluted Pongamia biodiesel has been tested in direct injection diesel engine at rated speed over the range of load. Test results have been compared with those of regular diesel fuel. With neat biodiesel brake fuel conversion efficiency has been slightly decreased and brake specific fuel consumption increased. Emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons have been essentially unchange...

The use of a trenchless method of laying underground utilities is an advantageous alternative to the use of open methods. The method of vibro-impact immersion in the ground of steel pipes with an open front end is widely used in the construction of closed underground passages. Determining the trajectory of a clogged pipe is one of the most important operations in this technology. The article describes result of laboratory tests of prototype model of strapdown inertial navigation system designed in N.A. Chinakal In...

The history of digital terrain modelling started in the 50's. Digital terrain modelling is nowadays one of the basic ways of a terrain representation. The basic task of creating the digital terrain model (DTM) includes data collection, generation, visualization, interpretation and application. There can be various sources of data to generate DTM. The source data set is the basic element for the accuracy of the resulting model. There is also described a few series of tests on the accuracy of DEM source data. The co...

In additive manufacturing field are many technologies and devices which could be included in such area. Basic difference between conventional and additive manufacturing is the way how the surfaces of final part are created. In conventional subtractive manufacturing we have to remove material from block of raw material of semi-product to reach final shape. For additive manufacturing is typical that we adding material, mostly layer by layer to build final shape of model. Most common and available additive manufactur...

Testing of transmission parameters within data networks is necessary for evaluation of quality level of provided services guaranteed in SLA between provider and end user. The main aim of the article is to introduce recommendations ITU-T Y.1564 SAM and demonstrate measurement its own according to these recommendations. The article is focused on efficiency measurement of IP networks with comparison to QoS parameters from different network features, which use 100 megabyte and gigabyte Ethernet interface. For measurem...

Introducing new technical solutions into practice is inseparably connected with a number of problems. In addition to obvious concerns about the quality, reliability and effectiveness of the solution, there are also social problems. They are related to distrust of employees regarding new solutions and is caused by a limited knowledge about the introduced product which is related to employees' concerns that such a product may disturb the existing state of balance. Therefore, in the case of introducing a new solution...

The Republic of Kosovo is one of the newest states in the world. Separated from a former communist federation ? Yugoslavia and occupied for over a decade by Serbia, it turned out to be free after a systematic destruction and with great consequences in all respects, including the environment. And of course, being a new state, made Republic of Kosovo to inherit many problems, which were very difficult to solve, while the environmental issues did not even come into the agenda ever to be discussed. In other words, hav...

After the reopening of the ancient Roman mines of La Zarza and Tharsis by the French engineer Deligny, it was necessary to fall back on rudimentary means of transport by horses or using the river. However, when reaching higher production levels, it was necessary to resort to more efficient means. Thus, in addition to the execution of the new railway line that linked both mining operations with the dock-pier of Corrales, many railway stations, small stops and modest housing were carried out for those in charge of t...

Organization of the Access database of the Zletovo lead-zinc deposit Eastern Macedonia represents the first attempt of this paper authors to synthesize geological exploration data of this ore bearing locality in one professional database available for the interested parties. Ours experience in organization of similar databases for other metal deposits such are Bucim, Borov Dol, Kadiica, Sasa etc., gave us the necessary knowledge and experience to construct quality Access database for the Zletovo deposit. The Zleto...

Lignin as a by-product of chemical or biochemical processing of wood is usually burned to generate energy. However, its use as a source of chemicals and materials is considered more promising. Treatment of lignin with nitric acid is used in practice for its depolymerization. In our study, we investigated the treatment of Klason lignin with mixtures of concentrated nitric acid with dimethyl sulfoxide of various compositions. The effect of such treatments was evaluated by UV-Visible spectrophotometry of alkaline sol...

Krakow ? the former capital of Poland ? is situated on border Krakow-Silesian monocline and Carpathians Flysch separated by narrow zone of the Carpathian Foredeep. In the geological structure of Krakow, the Jurassic and Cretaceous are exposed on the surface sediments. The Neogene sediments fill the Vistula valley. For thousands of years the sacred and secular constructions have been built using Jurassic limestones coming from local quarries. These quarries were founded on fault ridges, from the early Middle Ages t...

In this paper, the principle of constructing an adaptive biomechanical model of the spine is described, which allows modeling damage to the spinal segments, spinal cord and nerve roots, as well as taking into account the perception and tolerability of pain. Adaptability of this model is achieved due to the possibility of introducing individual parameters of a particular segment (geometric dimensions and spatial coordinates of the elements (vertebra, intervertebral disc, nerve roots, spinal canal); modulus of elast...

In this paper, the principle of constructing an adaptive biomechanical model of the spine is described, which allows modeling damage to the spinal segments, spinal cord and nerve roots, as well as taking into account the perception and tolerability of pain. Adaptability of this model is achieved due to the possibility of introducing individual parameters of a particular segment (geometric dimensions and spatial coordinates of the elements (vertebra, intervertebral disc, nerve roots, spinal canal); modulus of elast...