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Petroleum and petroleum products hydrocarbons are the most toxic environmental contaminants. Modern detailed analysis of crude oil is needed for assessment, trasological and forensic investigations. Method of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is one of the most effective method for the component composition determination in complex mixtures. This paper describes an express developed methodology for determination of fractional and component composition of crude oil and its derivative products ? dies...

Mathematical models of the dynamics of spacecraft with a solar sail to control translational orbital motion and rotation of the whole structure are provided the stability of the sail orientation relative to the flow of sunlight. The behavior of solutions in a neighborhood of the possible equilibrium or stationary state of motion is taken into account. Change in the stability depending on the tasks and the transformation of equations that describe the perturbed processes is taken into account. It is possible to var...

The Sakarya zone in Anatolia is a continental fragment >1500 km long and 120 km wide. This continent is divided into three zones: western, central and eastern. This volcanism is related to western Anatolia orogenic belt around Sakarya zone which produced Late Eocene-Late Miocene-aged mainly acidic and intermediate volcanic rocks. They are mainly composed of andesite, dacite, and latite lavas with associated pyroclastic rocks. The central Sakarya zone volcanic unit is mainly composed of Eocene-aged andesite and dac...

The paper presents a method for calculating and determining the environmental impact of the metallic material production in the specific shop of the machine building plant. Using mass balance equation, main pollutant emissions and by-products like CO, SO2, NOx, Heavy metal particles, slag, mud or volatile organic compounds were determined in the case of 1000 Kg steel, copper, aluminum and zinc production. Measurements were made with an original stand measuring emissions and by-products even in the work area operat...

The shape of historical ponds dams is important from different points of view such as stability or seepage through the dam body. These are also strongly depending on the internal state of the earth body as the dams are usually built of earth but the shape can help to identify possible problems. The technical documentation of these buildings which could be used to describe the shape is usually missing and the shape can be also modified during the long existence of ponds which can exist already for centuries. There ...

Archaeological work was undertaken to save the archaeological site. Originally the site was described as settlement from the period of Lusatian Culture. But during the first archaeological excavations, a vast and rich burial ground of Lusatian Culture people was discovered. Burials were located at different depths, often above one another. In order to determine precise location of the archeological objects the geophysical survey was used. Due to the fact of burial cremation, which means treated with fire, as a sui...

At present, there is a lot of interest in finding new energy sources because energy consumption is much above energy production. Geo-thermal energy is part of the category of renewable energies and a non-polluting green energy. Humans have used hot water springs from times immemorial for different purposes. Statistics show that Romania has an outstanding potential in geo-thermal water resources: it ranks third in Europe after Greece and Italy. However, geo-thermal waters are underestimated. The authors of this pap...

The article contributes to mapping the state of vegetation using phytosociological surveys in the industrial landscape of Upper Silesia. The main objective of the research was the phytosociological evaluation of the Landek Hill National Natural Heritage Area and of an anthropogenic mine waste dump Urx located in the same area. Human activities have significantly influenced the species composition and the phytosociological aspects in the study areas both in a positive and negative manner due to the differences in c...

At European level it has been underlined the fact that the influence of climate changes on the productivity of the Scots pine will have a significant negative impact, which will lead in turn to important economic losses. According to the IUCN classification, in some vegetation areas from Romania, the Scots pine presents a high vulnerability to climate changes. Taking into account that the analysis of tree rings offers objective information on the way trees react to climate variation at spatial and temporal level, ...

Establishing absolute geographical location in underground spaces such as mining exploitations, caves, deep crevasses, or in deep open pits is a technically difficult problem. Modern techniques used for general outdoor environments cannot be used in subterranean environments. The performant Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, BEIDOU are not available in underground spaces, due to the impossibility of propagation through soil and rock of radio waves at frequencies and transmit...

Coworking (also called as ?office for hours") is a relatively new tool on Polish real estate lease market. This is a solution primarily for people predominately working at home who want to develop their business. The service consists of providing office space equipped with office furniture with internet access and other facilities. The idea of an office for hours is primarily dedicated for freelancers. That kind of solution gives a number of advantages, nevertheless appearing on real estate lease market in many si...

The purpose of this research is to vertically define the aquifers from the Buzau River alluvial fan. The necessary information was collected from hydrogeological boreholes and it consists of the lithology encountered, the well design, more specifically the location of the screen, and the hydraulic head. In the first part, the studied area was divided by creating several well alignments, which were used to create cross-sections through the alluvial fan. The resulting profiles present the correlation between the lit...

Membrane stability reflects the ability of cell tissues to hold electrolytes under drought condition by retaining the membrane structure of the leaf cell intact. This indicator has been extensively used as selection criterion for different abiotic stresses including drought and high temperature in wheat. A low frequency of injuries is associated with a high stability of cell membrane, which ensures a better tolerance to water stress. The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance and breeding poten...

Removal of potentially harmful As compounds by adsorption onto biosorbents is a cost-effective alternative to the conventional treatment methods. Peatlands can accumulate arsenic originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources [1-3]. Wetland soils and sediments are subject to frequent changes in redox conditions, driven by fluctuations in the water table and shifts in biological activity. Under oxic conditions, natural organic matter (NOM) promotes arsenic release from metal-(hydr)oxides, thereby enhancing...

Related to assuring the sustainability of our human society the technical field is playing an important role, beside the environmental and socio-economic field. Taking into account the technical field in connection with the social one, special attention has to be paid to the field of cartography. This is becoming more relevant than ever regarding assuring the sustainable development on a regional level because of the need of land property clarifications. A lot of progress has been made in the last years in the fie...

This paper has been written in conjunction with a public contract for the restoration of the partially lost and destroyed building documentation of the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary at Hlu??n-Darkovi?ky in the territory of the Czech Republic, the contracting authority of which was the Roman Catholic Church. The requirement was the complete provision of measurement in the field and the collection of data, their subsequent processing and the interpretation of the results with the subsequent development...

Construction of green buildings has become a kind of global trend, but its implementation varies greatly by country and region, including the rate of growth in green involvement, triggers and obstacles impacting their growth. Green buildings gives to the forefront of energy efficiency also the impact of buildings on the environment, the environmental burden through production of raw materials and the impact of buildings on the whole region. Green building is therefore designed, built and operated also with regard ...

The present research aims at determining the influence of physical and mechanical properties of the soil (resistance to penetration) and of the liquid pollutant in case of soil cleaning and self-cleaning processes. Different forces operate on the water in the soil, and they permanently modify themselves depending on the quantity of water in the soil and its properties (texture, porosity, density). The leaching speed of liquid pollutant in the soil is a variable measure, for one and the same type of soil, and it de...

This study presents an analysis over the action of carboxyl esterase, enzyme used on dough for pasta and noodles. By using carboxyl esterase polar lipids are formed, acting as emulsifiers and interacting with the gluten as well free unsaturated fatty acids are released, which can be converted by lipoxygenase (contained in flour naturally) resulting in the formation of hydroperoxides, which can act as oxidants and lead to protein strengthening and bleaching (oxidation of pigments). Enyzmatic improvement of pasta an...

Successful development of business depends on using integrated information of business activities by management of the firm. Costs analysis of energy has important task in energy management, that present structural element for preparing of budget. Therefore it uses various economic analyses in praxis and energy management is one of these tools. Implementation of energy management in praxis goes out of necessity of environmental behavior. Using of energy management tools in area of energy cost decreasing presents f...

In Europe, the knowledge and measures regarding self-protection in case of emergency is very poor in general. Within the population, young people aged 7 ? 12 require a special approach, as their knowledge and behavior is different from adults. Their perception of accidents and disasters needs to be educated through an efficient teaching program. Therefore, a first step in developing such a tailored education program is to assess the natural hazards in European countries, with a special focus on the hazards that ca...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of processing parameters such as pressing and sintering time on microstructural characteristics including porosity and microstructure of some iron-based powder metallurgy (PM) materials. The powders used in this study are prealloyed iron-based powders. The particle size of the powders is ranging from 45 to 150 ?m. Following mixing the powders with zinc stearate 1% for 30 minutes, the studied powders were single pressed in a die at a pressure of 600 MPa. Zn-stea...

Gold deposits in black shale type have huge reserves of hard-gold. The prevailing part of reserves of native gold is in carbonaceous terrigenous deposits in Russia. These deposits are represented by objects of various scales - from small to unique (In Russia ? Olimpiada, Nezhdanin, Natalkin, May; in Uzbekistan ? Muruntau, Kokpatas, Zarmitan, Daugyztau, Amantaitau; in Kazakhstan ? Bakyrchik; in Tajikistan ? Chore; in Kyrgyzstan ? Kumtor; in the United States ? Mather Lod; in Australia ? Bendigo, Olympic Dam). The B...

Currently, worldwide companies engaged in mineral processing are more and more interested in ecological transportation systems that do not effect and pollute the environment during their operation. One important element of such transportation systems is feeding station, which ensures the correct implementation of continuous transportation system. Proper functioning also increases the efficiency and reliability in transporting raw materials. The article deals with own 3D engineering design of the feeding and fillin...

The concept of energy efficiency is applied in the context of efficient use of energy materials and media in various stages of production, transmission, distribution and energy consumption. Implementation of the principles of energy efficiency in practice is taking action, whether producers or consumers of energy, resulting in the reduction of energy consumption per unit of output without reducing the level or quality of services consumed. Buildings form a basic pillar of smart cities concept where all life proces...

Aim of this paper is to provide the overview of ecological friendly mechanical engineering through design solution in the field of material handling. There can be achieved a significant reducing of energy consumption with advantage of maintenance simplicity by decreasing level of the automation and the design complexity. Model situation is dealing with change of the material position orientation by using minimum of external forces and processes. The orientation change is induced by motion of the material along pre...

The energy sector is an essential component in any nation?s economy and well-being. The security and safety of any energy grid system is nowadays a strongpoint in mid and long term strategies when it comes to national development. Safety and security of energy supply is a multicomponent factor that includes: power generation systems, power transport and distribution systems and consumer management. The power generation units in Romania are very complex and they include different sources like coal, gas, nuclear, hy...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate of the Ni?de Fault zone, which passes through the city of Ni?de. The study area located in the south and eastern part of the Ni?de Province, and crops out different types of geological units from Paleozoic to Cenozoic in that vicinity. These units are, from old to young, metamorphic rocks, which is known as Ni?de Massif composed of G?m??ler, Kaleboynu, A??gedi?i formations, ??kap?l? granodiorite (Paleozoic to Mesozoic), K?z?lkaya Ignimbrite (Upper Miocene to Pliocen...

Land management and spatial planning are closely linked to the adaptation of water management to climate change impacts. Land management has an influence on the ability of the soil to retain precipitation or flood water and sustainable land use can help to better manage risks related to both increased precipitation/flooding and water scarcity. Land and soil management can also realize significant synergies between climate change adaptation and mitigation. Agriculture as a key form of land use will play a crucial r...

On the last two years, there was carried out some research work on the medicinal plants from wild flora. All the research was done on the area of Nera river basin because this region is a protected area and has a very large biodiversity. As far as we know on this area there are over 1000 species of superior plants classified on 98 families. One of this plants growing on this region is Oenothera biennis. One of this plant pathogens is powdery mildew produced by one of Erysiphe genus species. Regarding to the work m...

Processing of copper ore strongly depends on its parameters, therefore the more accurate identification of them should improve the process efficiency. The ore exploited in the KGHM underground mines in Poland is among the most difficult for processing, mostly due to its differentiated lithological compound. It can be identified at mining faces but on the way to processing plants through the complex transportation system consisting of trucks, sectional and main belt conveyors and ore bunkers, the portions of ore ha...

The paper presents the results of surface geochemical surveys carried out using "free gas method" in "Brzesko-Wojnicz" area in the SE part of the Poland. The surveys were conducted along 2 measurement profiles. A total of 341 soil gas samples were collected from 1.2 m depth below the surface. Maximum concentrations of CH4, total alkanes C2- C5, total alkenes C2-C4 reached: 27,1 vol.%., 45,3 ppm and 0,174 ppm, respectively. In total, in the analyzed area there are anomalous concentration of total C2-C5 alkanes (ove...

The authors have carried out uniaxial compression tests of 200 mm side cube specimens made of artificial layered geomaterial with the bedding angles of 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 deg and with the different strength of the layers to study the process of deformation to failure using the multiparametric equipment designed for synchronous recording of physical fields of stresses, macrostrains, microseismic emission (MSE) and microstrains by speckle method. The integrated analyses of MSE signals, microstrains, stresses and s...

The purpose of this paper is to present the flood hazard maps using 2D hydraulic modeling. Many economic, social, environmental losses as well as casualties, occur annually due to floods [4]. To reduce the risk of hazard, flood hazard and risk maps are required for different probabilities of their production and creating models that can predict floods in production time, based on information received from sensors located on watersheds. Very important for an effective management against floods have become nonstruct...

In article results of researches in the field of development of information and analytical management waste systems are provided. Functionality and the fields of use of modern information technologies and the relevant software solutions in the considered sphere are analysed, feasibility of use for the solution of tasks of waste management of geoinformation technologies is shown. For the purpose of operational detection of the unauthorized dumps which are formed on the urban area the Internet resource realizing GIS...

The article is devoted to solving the problems of the receving indicators of agricultural land, which is characterized not only by fertility, but other indicators, defining the status of agricultural land. Such indicators are indicators of the federal monitoring of lands that allow timely identification and application of methods of land management changes in economic activity, which enables you to optimize land use and sustainability of agricultural land. It is shown that one of the basic problems of land monitor...

B?r?gan Plain, located in south-eastern part of Romania, is bounded in the south and east by the Danube meadow, in the North, by the Siret river lower meadow, in the west, is bounded, on the north to the south, by the Buz?u river meadow, S?rata valley, Ob?r?ia Mosti?tei, Pas?rea valley, D?mbovi?a river, and finally the Arge? river meadow, this limit (particularly those starting from the south of C?lm??ui river) overlaps the interference between the forest-steppe and the restricted forest formations. From a climate...

The study of the soils buried beneath the Bronze Age kurgan mounds in the desert steppe zone of the southeastern part of the Russian Plain allowed establishing the features of the soil evolution and climate dynamics in the 3rd millennium BC. According to calibrated 14C data, the kurgans were constructed during period 2800-2100 cal yr BC: (Catacomb and Lola archaeological cultures). Morphological and chemical properties of buried soils and modern surface soils indicate that during the previous period (the end of Ea...

Plutonic rocks are quite widespread throughout Anatolia (Turkey) ranging from gabbro to granite and calc-alkaline to alkaline. One of those rocks are located in Kahramanmaras, SE of Anatolia, and named as the Buyukkizilcik intrusive rocks. This area is situated in one of continental blocks of Anatolia, Tauride Belt. The basement of the studied area is composed of Paleozoic-Mesozoic metamorphic rocks and they are cut by the intrusive rocks. In the field these rocks are quite altered. These intrusive rocks are alkal...

The characteristic thickness and type of intercalations is important when assessing the suitability of bituminous coal deposits for exploitation. The data on coal partings is of key importance due to a number of factors, including: the optimum selection of technological processes of exploitation, the quantity of resources, the quality of the coal output, the cost of production and processing of coal, and the variability of quality parameters of coal ? in that case, the ash content in the examined seams is worth sp...

This paper presents an approach of using Augmented Reality (RA) technology for operator training in quality inspection of various large sized metallic products such as pipes, weldings, metal sheets, etc. An Android software application has been developed and implemented using Unity 3D Software Development Package(TM). The proposed application simulates the use of various ultrasonic sensors/probes to train human operators without the need to use the actual expensive inspection equipment. The user manipulates a 3D p...

This investigation is aimed to determine general development patterns of the natural and climatic situations and lakes of the boreal zone in the later and postglacial time in the southeastern periphery of the Fennoscandian crystalline shield since the time of the last deglaciation. The analysis of the subfossil Cladoceran community was carried out on the basis of the 23 samples of Lake Gahkozero? bottom sediments in the Republic of Karelia. In the subfossil Cladoceran community of the lake 42 taxa have been identi...

Genesis, transport and accumulation of settled sediments of mountain rivers are such random processes in time and space, which are defined by the river flow rate (Q m?/s?c), height of the basin (I?), the inclination of the river and basin geology. Genesis and the volume of river sediment is the function of the climate and, in accordance with its cycles, it increases during the warming period and decreases as the temperature falls. The main natural factors for sediment formation are the glacier, erosion, landslides...

At the Incukalns district of Latvia, two gravels pits from 1956 until 1981 were filled up by liquid sulphuric goudron (mixture of sulphure acids, oil products and other hazardous substances). These dump sites were informatively named as the Northern and Southern pools. During sixty years, the pools are polluting groundwater that moves towards the Gauja river. Waste from the pools will be excavated in the near future. However, the contaminant plumes will continue their movement. Scientists of Riga Technical Univers...

Over a period of two years (2015, 2016), in a field experience organized on a Chernozems in south-eastern part of Romania, it was investigated the effect of soil fertilization with compost made from three organic waste (farmyard manure, sewage sludge, and marine algae), in different variants resulting from the mixtures of the three components in different proportions, 50% each and 25% the other two, applied to soil in doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 t/ha. It is important to note that these compost doses were been admi...

The volume of transported goods is still rising. Road transport is congested the most. However, still bigger and bigger pressure on more ecological ways of transport is registered due to unfavorable effects of road transport. The railway is one of the most ecological ways of transport of heavy loads. Nowadays, electric engine is the most used way of locomotives traction thanks to electrification of most of railways. This fact significantly contributes to elimination of ecological influence on environment. Thus, th...

Novel trends in the market of fermented dairy products are leading to obtain various products with high functional and nutritive but less energy value. The development of new fermented dairy products could be divided into two groups in order to: 1. obtain products with improved physicochemical characteristics, rheology, texture, microstructure and sensory properties; 2. obtain products with pronounced nutritive characteristics and functionality. Yogurt is a very popular dairy product in most countries, it is consi...

Sediments are usually regarded as the ultimate sink for heavy metals discharged into environment, and can be sensitive indicators for monitoring contaminants in aquatic environments. Therefore, the environmental problem of sediment pollution by heavy metals has received increasing attention in the last few decades in both developing and developed countries through the world. Environmental risk assessments, including sediment monitoring, are typical tools for supporting decision making in the regulatory context, an...

The Rare Earth Elements (REE) have been classified as resources critical for the European Union and divided into: light rare earth elements and heavy rare earth elements. The demand for REE is constantly increasing, which is connected with the wide range of their applications. The article presents the results of research conducted to determine the concentration of Rare Earth Elements in fly ashes obtained from the combustion of coal at the Rybnik Power Plant. The concentrations were measured using the ICP-MS and S...

The paper deals with the fundamental rule of extensional logics, namely the rule of Existential Generalization. This rule can be applied in the situation when a function f is applied on its argument a to obtain the value of f at a. If the application does not fail, i.e., if the function f is defined at a, then we can existentially quantify, and derive that there is the value f(a). Our system is based on Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL). Since TIL is a hyperintensional, partial, typed lambda calculus, we examine...