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In order to determine the effects of strong earthquakes for a given settlement, it is necessary to solve several tasks in a few stages. The first task is identification of the building stock for the surveyed area. The assessment of the effects of strong earthquakes is based on procedures for integration of seismic hazard and seismic vulnerability of the bearing structures of the building stock. The building stock is divided into three main groups, taking into account the specificity of the building and the availab...

Active development of unmanned aerial vehicles has led to their widespread use for various purposes, and magnetic prospecting is no exception. UAVs in various modifications are used in aeromagnetic surveys intended for magnetic mapping of the subsurface. This allows to solve the problems of not only aeromagnetic prospecting (identification of ore deposits, petroleum prospecting, etc.), but also of geological engineering and archeology. The advantage of using UAV lies in the cheapness and safety of the survey. Magn...

Theoretical studies of how resource-based economies develop change along with changes in approaches to studying sustainable development. There are opposite points of view on resource-based economies. On the one hand, abundant natural resources help countries grow rapidly and efficiently. On the other hand, the 1970s saw the emergence of the resource curse concept in which natural resources are seen as an obstacle to successful economic development. This paradox is explained in various ways, including macroeconomic...

The drilling muds parameters are playing a major role in drilling technology and particularly in oil and gas drilling technology. At present those parameters are measured manually at long and irregular time intervals. In Satpajev university a general method of the existing manual measurements automatization has been worked. A number of patents on appliances for automatic continuous measuring the drilling mud funnel viscosity, density, jell stress and other parameters was obtained. Engineering development on creati...

In Kazakhstan the marine sections of the boundary deposits of the Bashkirian and Moscovian Stages are located in the Zhungar-Balkhash region within the carbonate-terrigenous, carbonate and, less commonly, carbonate-type rock units. The most well-known and studied sections are situated in the North-Eastern Balkhash Lake region (the Tastykuduk formation) where in the boundary deposits of the Kungesai and the Tastykuduk sections (the Sayak synclinorium) there are faunas of ammonoids, foraminifers, corals, bryozoans, ...

The discovered industrial and semi-industrial hydrocarbon reservoirs, seeps and offshore gas hydrate fields in the Bulgarian Exclusive Economic Zone (BEEZ) are evidence of the generation and migration of oil and gas in the Western Black Sea basin. Marine gas hydrates from the deep water palaeodelta of Danube are seismically studied recently, but the issues about their origin and thermal maturity of sediments still need significant clarification. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to study the basin subsidence and ...

In the Northeastern part of Kosovo is the Trepca Mine which produces very beautiful crystals. These crystals with mineralogical composition are in favor of being visited by visitors and tourists from all over the globe. Their value is great and it is important to visit. Near the Trepca mine is the Museum of Crystals and Minerals of Kosovo. "Trepca", where crystals and minerals extracted from the underground of Kosovo are stored, protected and exhibited, not only in the Municipality of Mitrovica, which have a high ...

The Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) is the forum for inter-governmental co-operation on issues concerning the Barents region. BEAC unites 13 regions of 4 member countries ? Finland, Norway, Russia, and Sweden. The Working Group on Environment (WGE) deals with major environmental challenges. Back in 2003, BEAC issued the Barents Environmental Hot Spots List, which included 42 major polluters located in the Russian part of the Barents region [1]. WGE worked out the ?Criteria and Procedure? approach aimed at promo...

The study begins with a synthetic presentation of geological and geophysical data at this time. The geological data come from the detailed geological mapping superimposed over the previously elaborated geological maps (at scales 1: 200000 and 1: 50000). The data on the deep structure come from the magnetotelluric and seismic sections interpreted. Of course, the documentation obtained from previous referenced publications and the specialized sites brought an extra knowledge. We performed a multiparametric correlati...

Between geoparks and protected areas occur some differences. Geoparks represent a complementary rather than competitive concept to nature protection. The theory of geoparks considers not only the protection of geological heritage with support for their understanding, education but also promote sustainable socio-economic and cultural development by geotourism. In this context, we referred to the feasible prospects of geoparks in protected areas on the example of Silica Plateau, one of the areas of the proposed Sili...

In the present work the dependence of macro- and microelements content in plants on the level of soil contamination with heavy metals is estimated. The influence of different concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) in Sod-podzolic soil and Chernozem on the elemental composition of agricultural crops (wheat, barley and alfalfa) depending on their biological characteristics has been studied. It has been shown that as a result of excess metals intake into plant organisms there are violations of the me...

The influence of a number of factors on the condition of small rivers in the Kaliningrad region is considered. It has been shown that deforestation, floodplain cultivation and development, changes in microclimatic conditions, affecting even 20% of the catchment area of the small rivers, significantly specify their ecological state. Since bottom sediments are an indicator of the state of watercourses, their quality also depend not only on factors directly determining composition, but also on factors determining the...

The article summarizes the total number of technogenic mineral formations in Kazakhstan, which occupies the 9th place in the world over the territory, which has huge mineral reserves. The presented material gives the properties of the waste, its particle size distribution, storage conditions, as well as the approximate volume of secondary raw materials. The integrated use of mineral resources is a very difficult task, including technical, economic and environmental issues, the solution of which requires the joint ...

Monitoring of aquatic objects ecological state must include forehanded recognition of critical situations. Therefore, the forecasting widely uses possibilities of computer simulation. Of course, the most complicated and relevant simulation model of an aquatic ecosystem is giant simplification of its real life. Nevertheless, history of mathematical ecology proves that even such simple simulations of population dynamics, as predator-prey models and ones of competition for a resource between two or three species can ...

The Brown Coal Research Institute j. s. c. is realising the long term research and survey in the field of restoration problems. The target of these works changed during development of localities. The main problems of present days are reclamation during frequent hot and dry periods, the extreme alkaline soil reaction of any localities soils, occurrence of phytotoxic and sterile areas and methodology of areas retained to natural succession founding. The article is devoted to the methodology of research and to the de...

Cogeneration equipment is generally classified according to the power source for the production of energy and the size of the electrical power. Low power cogeneration refers to those with powers up to 1 MWe, and those of medium power reach 25 ? 40 MWe. The overall efficiency of primary fuel use, under favorable conditions, can exceed 90%. Currently there are different solutions for low / medium power cogeneration, whose technologies are well developed. For a properly designed low power cogeneration the investment ...

The paper provides comparative characteristics geodynamic situations and of related intrusive series. Discussed are cases of alternation of such granitoids in time, their connection in space and relation to collisional processes. I-granites form extended gabbro-diorite-granodiorite-sodium and potassium-sodium granite series with gradual increase of the role of silica and potassium in the final products. Differences in the petrochemical composition of pre- and late collision of I-granites are conditioned by the sub...

The concept of community resilience in rural areas comprises the idea of sustainability, ability to adapt or resist new conditions and external influences and to turn possible risks into opportunities. In order to reduce degradation of rural areas and to preserve rural environment and natural resources, rural communities need to be active in setting priorities, decision making and purposeful realization of initiatives. The LEADER program is an important instrument supporting local initiatives to strengthen communi...

Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of photosynthetic bacteria found in a wide variety of habitats where they play crucial roles. They are one of the most morphologically diverse groups. The evolutionary relationships and the classification are poorly understood. The whole genome sequencing added a new dimension to our understanding of genomes of cyanobacteria and the genome-based phylogeny came into existence. The aim of this study was to conduct a genomic comparison of phylogenetically closely related filamentous ...

A technology of pre-design comparative assessment of hazardous industrial facilities alternative options is described in this paper. The technology was designed by the St. Petersburg environmental and design company "Eco-Express-Service" LLC. Options? comparison is carried out in two stages using a score/ranking multi-criteria assessment: at first, a determination and comparison of environmental safety criteria values, and then ? a summary assessment of all set of criteria. 4 competitive methods are used for obtai...

Topography plays an unraveled role in many biophysical processes and phenomena. The main problem, however, is that measurement, representation, and characterization of such a vast and continuous feature are very challenging. The accuracy of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) has a direct influence on the results of the further landform analysis. In this paper, we use existing approaches of landform analysis with the use of global DEMs in the large-scale regional study. A detailed comparison was made between landforms...

The goal of the paper is to present the use of multicriterial decision methods to assure the transparency of public acquisitions in the context of regional economic growth. Based on multiple criteria algorithms and using adequate methods to determine the importance of each criterion, a computer program was created to assist the decision maker. The software was created by the department of Mathematics and Computer Science of ?Aurel Vlaicu? University of Arad and implements the procedure for public tenders. The appl...

The evaluation of explosion-proof electrical equipment for certification is particularly important given the risk of explosion and must be minimized. This in order to ensure the safety of life, health of workers, to prevent damage to goods and the environment when they meet the essential security requirements at European level. Directive 2014/34 / EU states that equipment used in explosive atmospheres must be designed to operate without endangering the environment for which it is intended. This paper deals with th...

Most of the equipment operating in potentially explosive atmospheres in oil and gas industry is represented by electric motors, which in most situations act on various other elements (e.g. pumps, valves, fans etc.). Evaluation of explosion-proof protected electrical equipment in scope of certification is extremely important considering the risk of explosion that has to be minimized in order to ensure life safety and health of workers and to prevent damaging of property and the environment, as well as free movement...

The article considers the dynamics of flammable substances concentrations in ventilated rooms. Ventilated rooms are used for equipment and installations where the risk of explosion is caused by the presence of flammable substances such as gases, vapours and mists. The first part presents the explosion risk associated with presence of flammable substances and the classification of atmospheres in which explosion risk is noticeable. Thus, for areas where the explosive atmosphere can be delimited inside a compartment ...

The onshore Thermaikos basin is the northwestern extension of the offshore Thermaikos basin, located at the area west of Thessaloniki, in northern Greece. It consists a sedimentary basin, where thick sediments dating from Paleogene to Quaternary are overlaying the older ophiolite and deep-sea Mesozoic formations of Axios geotectonic zone. Thermaikos basin, both offshore and onshore, has been considered as a hydrocarbon promising area, with a proven gas field in offshore Epanomi area in Thessaloniki gulf, hence a n...

Currently, the growth of agricultural production in Russia is closely related to the pace of scientific and technological progress in the agro-industrial complex, which is largely determined by its level of energy supply. The most significant consumers of energy in the agro-industrial complex are livestock, poultry complexes and enterprises associated with food storage. In animal husbandry, energy costs are the second largest after feed, with more than 30% of the energy consumed in creating a production microclima...

Correlation studies have been made between the gravitational field (Bouguer anomalies - G) and the magnetic field (common vector (T) and the vertical component dZ) for the territory of Bulgaria. The map data is in digital format, which makes it easier to calculate. The correlation itself is estimated from -1 to 0 and from 0 to +1, which means that a positive correlation is possible in the case of increased values of both parameters and vice versa - decreasing values are associated with reduced values. This forms a...

The paper deals with the possibility of software tools to control the environmental crime. The original software tool was developed to control the criminality on social networks. The main idea is to focus on the criminality related to the environmental crime. The paper describes the system of the software control, its application and usability. Also other known software tools are mentioned in order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of their use. The previous approaches to create the software tools able t...

The paper deals with quantitative methods of risk management applied to a crisis event of criminal origin. Two quantitative risk assessment methods are introduced. The event tree analysis and the RM/RA CRAMM method are applied from the perspective of crisis management in the phase of criminal crisis prevention. The advantages and disadvantages of the quantitative methods compared to qualitative methods are discussed. The quality of input data is accented to get reliable results that can be seriously taken into acc...

The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of the covid 19 coronavirus crisis on the oil industry system by analyzing the reports of oil companies on interim revenues and expenditures, as well as their future plans for programs to improve their condition after the crisis. The main countries chosen for the study were the United States, Russia, China, Mexico, Italy, Norway, great Britain and Spain. The largest companies in each of these countries were selected for data analysis. The analysis revealed the loss...

The management of medical facilities' primary task is undoubtedly the quality of treatment and ensuring patient safety. With increasing knowledge, new technologies, and the growing complexity of treatment procedures and methods, the probability of the occurrence of risks and, in some cases, the emergence of new risks are increasing. An adequately set up a risk management system in healthcare facilities has a fundamental impact on the crisis preparedness of these facilities and the effectiveness of the entire manag...

The Carpathian National Nature Park is the first national park of Ukraine and one of the biggest national parks of this country, unique in the nature landscapes what used for the tourist attractiveness. Based on the long-term field investigations, the recreational conditions of the Carpathian National Nature Park for the tourist attractiveness was researched. The results received pose multiple paramount grounds for a scientific approach developing aimed at the optimisation of recreation functions of the Park lands...

Challenges related to the management of current world energy resources strongly emphasize the necessity to progressively increase renewable energy sources (RES) share in meeting electricity demand. To design efficient and sustainable energy systems, it is mandatory to consider both electrical energy generation characteristics and environment preservation targets. The main objective of intensifying RES deployment nowadays is to concurrently mitigate fossil fuels depletion and environment degradation. However, to ac...

Every fire generates smoke and heat. The arising smoke and heat have a significant impact on human health and life inside a fire-affected area. In real situations, two basic situations can occur. In the first situation, smoke and heat are extracted outside, usually using smoke and heat removal equipment. In the second situation, where the smoke and heat removal device is not installed, smoke and heat accumulate inside the room without their removal outside. Although the situation where smoke accumulates inside an ...

When a fire occurs, heat and smoke are generated. This has a great impact on the human body. When there is smoke and heat, it has an impact on a fast evacuation. That?s why every fire escape route plan is trying to secure the safe evacuation of people with a minimal chance of an injury caused by fire. That?s why escape routes are planned to be safe and always have good ventilation. In this day and age it is possible, with the approved standards in the Czech Republic, to put sufficient natural ventilation through t...

From the analysis of documents of strategic planning for the development of the region, it follows that the Arkhangelsk region assigns tourism one of the priority areas of development. At present, the region is one of 8 key zones of economic development of the Russian Arctic, where along with industrial and transport nature management, recreational, in particular tourism, is also considered a priority. The article considers the main factors in the development of ecotourism in the Arkhangelsk region. The analysis a...

This work presents some preliminary results of using oxygen isotopes ratio (?18O) for diagnostics of transient layer of upper permafrost of the coastal plains of Eastern Chukotka, NE Russia. Study methods included drilling of active layer and transition zone of permafrost and stable core isotope ratios analysis. The study revealed that ?18O values of ice from transient layer ranges from ?11.5? to ?14?. These values differ from those for massive ice beds and ice wedges in this region that allowed us to use stable i...

The subsoil use currently constitutes the basis of real sector of the Kazakhstan's economy. Therefore , the state programme "Digitalization of Kazakhstan" covers the geological sector of our country, and this predetermines a new approach to the methodology of geological exploration of mineral deposits. Implementation of the new approach to geological research is carried out with the help of modern innovative technologies, such as Mapinfo, Arcgis, GIS-Micromine, where the scientific digital information base of geol...

On the base of a detailed analysis the political and social factors in the development of the world economic system, the authors is concluded that the impending global economic crisis may negatively affect the Russian economy. The analysis of the current economic and socio-political situation in Russia given in the article allowed us to identify a number of main directions of the country's development that can ensure the stability of its economy in the conditions of the impending crisis. The authors argue that in ...

Annually more than 300,000 thousand tons of waste are generated in Ukraine, including about 600 thousand tons of hazardous waste. These include used fluorescent lamps, motor oils, batteries, unsuitable and expired pesticides, pesticide packaging, medical waste and others. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as of the end of 2018, the total amount of waste accumulated during operation in designated areas or facilities was 12972428.5 thousand tones. Whereas during 2018 the amount of generated waste...

Earthquakes are the deadliest natural disasters affecting the human environment. Global seismic risk and vulnerability to earthquakes are increasing steadily as urbanization and development occupy more areas that a prone to effects of strong earthquakes. Furthermore, uncontrolled growth of mega cities in highly seismic areas in the world is often associated with the construction of buildings and infrastructure, inconsistent with the regional seismo-tectonic features and seismic hazard. The assessment of seismic ha...

Today, eco-innovation represents a tool for vitalizing the circular economy ? an urgent problem ? both at the global as well as at the national level. Eco-innovation is the key to the future competitiveness of any country that contributes to the circular economy and a sustainable future while also promoting environmental protection and more efficient use of resources. Eco-innovations are implemented in all Member States, sectors and markets of the European Union, yet the intensity of this activity is still insuffi...

Among the global problems, the special importance is given to optimization of transport communications` operation in the cities, which with more or less severity is risen in all of the countries. The best transport and geographic location of Georgia has the world importance, where the transport corridor Europe Caucasus Asia is being intensively constructed. The topics referring to necessity of Batumi bypass road of transport corridor Europe Caucasus Asia and issues related to its construction is already studied. T...

Energy, which determines the progress of social production, continues to have an adverse impact on the environment. The result of any energy entity is to provide consumers with high-performance ecologically pure kind of energy that objectively defines influence of industrial activities of energy companies on the environment: emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air, effluents of polluting substances in water objects, placing of production wastes, and also negative effects of noise, heat, vibration, electro...

The current state of the coal market and the problems of forming coal routes and the development of seaports are considered. The main elements of the world logistics system that form the flows of coal routes are highlighted. The principles of forming trains on the railway transport of countries forming freight flows are proposed. Prospective models and methods are proposed, an end-to-end scenario analysis of flows of international coal routes, in order to attract additional cargo volumes to international transport...

We analyze a series of data in the ultra-low frequency (ULF) range of geomagnetic variations, which are collected from search coil instrument and acquisition system at Panagyuriste, Geomagnetic Observatory (PAG), Bulgaria, a part of South European Geomagnetic Array (SEGMA, http://sole-terra.aquila.infn.it/it/), and data for seismic noise collected at three Bulgarian seismic stations (VTS, RZN and KDZ part of National Operative Telemetric System for Seismological Information) and three Turkish seismic stations (GOM...

The long-term and high-level anthropogenic load on the aquatic ecosystem increases the probability of its adverse transformations (violations of the natural stability of its state and, as a result, the appearance of negative situations). These include diverse geochemical, biogeochemical, pathogenic biological, and, ultimately, medical and environmental consequences caused by the entry and further redistribution, and accumulation in water of highly toxic chemicals, among which heavy metals such as mercury take prio...

Spring-mass systems are known to experience vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) when exposed to viscous flows. These vibrations can be efficiently used for energy generation in ocean currents and rivers because significant power density can be extracted even from moderate flow velocities. The VIV generators typically include a large system of vertical or horizontal cylinders aligned perpendicular to the flow. The cylinders are connected elastically to a fixed frame and can oscillate independently. A recent comparative...

At present, the impact of production factors on natural conditions and the environment of human life assumes a pronounced global scale. The level of exposure to technological factors and the degree of environmental degradation is the main problem of modern society. The sharply aggravated environmental problems set the task for science to comprehend the prevailing trends in environmental and economic development and to develop fundamentally new concepts for the influence of production factors on the development of ...