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The northeaster part of the Czech Republic is since the early 19th century associated with underground coal mining. This activity brings economic benefit in addition to changes in the landscape – soil depression followed by habitat destruction. Flooded mine subsidences are an example of such degradation of native plant and animal communities, biodiversity dec line and wetland and aquatic ecosystems establishment. For a long time, these ecosystems were considered worthless and unproductive [10]. The aim of the vari...

Cankiri rock salt formation is one of the mo st important rock salt sources of Turkey. Rock salt production in this area is performed by underground room and pillar mining method approximately 150 m under existing t opography. However, pillar dimensions which are used in Cankiri rock salt mine ar e determined by trial and error method. Aim of this study is to create a model which will overlap long and short term rock mechanics analysis results with in-situ stresses and in-situ deformations. By the evaluation of th...

Hydromineral resources of the Republic of Tuva were systematic and comprehensive studied since the end of 80ies of XX-th century. There were carried out hydrochemical, geophysical, microbiological, eco logical, radon- and heliometric investigations practically at all territory of Tuva. Near 100 mineral and fresh arjaans (medicinal water springs), salt and mud lakes were studied on 50-ty various characteristics.

The contribution focuses on the technological possibilities of large-capacity extraction, transport and stacking of loose material. It is based on the actual condition of the continuous-operation equipment deployed at large pit quarries. The technical and performance parameters of this equipment, well-tried in practice, were used for modelling the option of replacing it with discontinuous-operation equipment, which has unique performance parameters compared wi th European standards. The key objective is to compare...

Natural arjaan complex “Cho igan mineral waters” (then – arjaan Choigan, Choigan springs) – this is unique deposit of de pth (1500 – 2000 m.) carbonic hot and cold waters. There are the data analysis of inve stigations which were carrying out in 1966- 67, 1989-94 and 2010 years in this paper.

Deh Salm Jurassic shales of Shemshak formation are located in south of Birjand city in East of Iran. The Jurassic shale of Shem shak formation in this area is partly metamorphosed and display finely foliation. Th e trace element data of Deh Salm shales are compared with upper continental crust, clarke value of sedimentary rocks and world's average of shales. Total sulfur concentrations vary from 0.01% to 0.55% with average of 0.18% that is lower than of sulf ur content of world's shale composition. Th, Y, Nb and Z...

This paper describes a mathematical mo del developed to optimize the charge composition for waste gasification process on the basis of series experiments on the laboratory thermal unit and in particular with regard to the quality of produced synthesis gas. Randomly generated batch does not guarantee the continuity of the process parameters, such as heating value of synthesis gas or its yield. The proposed mathematical model assesses the possible combin ations of types of waste materials that are available, based o...

Land application of swine manure can increase antibiotic concentra tions in agricultural soils. It is thus important to develop labor atory methods for antibiotics in manures and soils. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of volume of Na 2EDTA– McIlvaine’s buffer (c itric acid and Na 2HPO4) solution on recovery of oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) added to fresh swine manur e. Antibiotics were mixed with manure at a single rate of 20 mg /L. Six treatments (8, 16, 24, 32, 40 or 48 ...

The cooper ore reserves of Ro şia Poieni deposit (Romania) represents about 40% of the national cooper ore, that importance increasing with the actual rising cooper price on the international market. Deposit mineralization is located within the Fundoaia andesitic ore body and appears mainly on a system of fractures, or as uneven distribution impregnations in andesitic rocks. The mini ng of this cooper deposit began in 1977 and in 1985 reaching about 9 million tonnes of or e capacity and in 1988, 15 million tonnes....

Remote sensing is a useful tool for a ssessing, monitoring and conservation of groundwater with advantages of spatial and te mporal availability of data from the large and inaccessible areas. Hydroge ological characteristics of a region are derived by surface indicators-geological features, geomorphology, hydrology, vegetation, land use. The paper deals with geological element as a factor influencing the hydrological and hydrogeological processes in the basin and adjacent areas Dambovicioara. Complexity of data pr...

Urgent task of energy policy in the near term, in addition to diversification will encourage vigorous national economy, reducing dependence on natural gas and both demand-side measures (in the energy supply of buildings are mainly to improve the thermal protection) by measures on the production, transmi ssion and distribution (increasing efficiency of energy transforma tion and increasing the share of renewable energy at the expense of natural gas).Natural gas can be easily replaced in the supply heat buildings, a...

Oil composition at the late stage of field development is determined by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Change in compositi on and physical-and-chemical properties of oil could be considered significant in several ways. This is due to both changes in the interaction of oil and injected agents, and involvement of the reserves not yet developed. The most sensitive, quickly a nd accurately determined parameters are optical characteristics of oil, and namely the coefficient of light absorption. It depends on t...

The paper presents the results of column adsorption of Cu 2+ metal ions from synthetic solution (concentration up to 200 mg dm -3) onto beech sawdust and wheat straw. Adsorption ability of the chosen type of adso rbent is considered as a function of the initial pH of solution. The breakthrough curv es are presented as a function of the aqueous phase volume passed through the colu mn allowing getting an insight in the column adsorption features. A very high adsorption degree – higher than 99% was achieved in these ...

In the world, over 18 million vehicles are rejected annually from operation. The spent catalysts are obtained from th e vehicles at the end of their life cycle as well as the vehicles which do not meet the prescribed st andards in the ECO test respected to the composition of exhaust gases. The basis of each catalyst is a ceramic monolith with deposited valuable platinum metals. The spent catalysts are solid waste and also the rich raw material for recovery of precious metals. The aim of this paper is a separation ...

Slovakia falls behind the aims that were appointed in the field of the scrap economy. In our paper, we are concentrated on the valuatio n of the interest of Slovak citizens in the separated collection of the communal scrap in Slovak Republic, that is very low when talking about the mass. On the basis of th e questionnaire research we evaluate the interest in the separated co llection of communal scrap of citizens of the cities and villages acoording to the fact they live in habitable blocks, or in family houses . ...

In Poland the closed shafts were filled up in the past years with th e rock material with very different backgrounds and properties. The effect of flooding the shallow, old mining areas, as well as the impact of water infiltrating from the surface, are observed on the surface as subsidence funnel and discontinuous crack. Using the geophysical surveys, numerical modeling, geologic al and hydrogeologi cal studied, some possibilities for diagnosis of hazards in abandoned coal mines areas are shown. In the context of ...

This paper discusses the practical implementation of terrestrial laser scanning for ovalisation measurements of newly built concrete railway tunnels. Also an accuracy assessment is performed and then an overview of the measured deviations is given. This research is based on the ovalisation m onitoring of concrete railway tunnels for the first projects of this kind in Belgium. Thes e tunnels are measured with laser scanning during the first three months after construc tion. For all measurements, the concrete surfac...

Self-ignition processes are a serious probl em in brown coal mining and depositing. Infusions and following fires are frequent events in open pit brown coal mines with seams influenced with previous underg round mining, homogenisation and other deposits, and on stock-piles of power and heat stations and industrial plants combusting coals as well. The objectives of the project from the ALFA programme No. TA01020351 are presented in this article. The project solves a research, development, and verification of a comp...

The research regarding the soil pollution with fluorine has been realized on the lands near the Aluminium Factory from Slatina (S .C. ALRO S.A.). Two soil profiles (0-120 cm.), as well as several agrochemical proofs (0–20 cm.) from the area that has been the most affected by pollution have been analys ed (Picture 1). Fluor ine accumulations in soil occur depending on the emissions intensity , the atmosphere status (the prevalent direction of air stream s, the frequency and the quantity of the rain-fall), the dista...

Drought issues are discussed: concept, definition and classification of drought as well as drought indices, drought prediction and monito ring. The second part is on the weather network in the country as a tool for drought monitoring.

The contribution deals by the suggestion of new manufacturing technology for hand- made screw blade for wind-power plant. A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into electricity for distribution. Wind turbine blades are most often fabricated by hand using multiple layers of fi breglass cloth. The traditional method is for the sheets to be cut to shap e, laid down in a mould by hand, sprayed or rolled with resins, and finally cured. The automation of the manufacturing of hand-made pro...

Within the lignite deposits located in the Oltenia coal basin, frequent sand bands are emerging, carriers of signifi cant aquiferous horizons and complexes. The geological pattern induces an important variation of hydro-geological conditions along the deposit’s spreading, which in turn gives difficulties in mining technology selection. Determining the problem’s solution involves th e versions ranking from the strongest to the weakest, in relation to all the criteri a. Both maximum and minimum criteria can exist. I...

The article deals with the de termination of the basic inte gral characteristics of the objects as are the volume, mass, centre of gr avity and the moment of inertia. The article mentions the problems, which originate at the calculation of these characteristics for the parts with difficult shapes. The utilization of CAD/CAM is one of the possibilities which can be used at the solution of this problem. The specification of these characteristics is necessary at the sugges tion or dimensioning of machine parts and al...

Forecast of international experts shows that by the end of the first quarter of this century there will be about 20-30% less copper produced from natural resources in relation to consumption (needs) in the world. Therefore, it is planned to compensate for the lack of processing of raw materials with recycling of technogene waste, which contains copper. In this respect the planned implementation of this process (technological process) has a special significance, especially as the processi ng of these raw materials,...

The coastal area of the Black Sea of Georgia (Kolkheti Lowland) with its recreational, resort, transport and industrial functions is a very important region in the country. A coastline is formed under the interaction of two environments, the land and the sea with its stability much dependent on the volume and grain size of the coas t-forming material drifted to the coastline by the rivers of the Black Sea basin. 90% of the coastal formations of Georgia belong to an accumulativ e type with their genesis and filled ...

The main shortcoming of the earlier offered casing methods was the fact that along with the productivity slowdown of a well, in some cases there was observed renewing of sanding, with even greater intensity. Renewal of sand production after the carried out casing is explained by the specificity of cement stone perforation, in the production process of which a part of projectiles remain in layer of a cement stone, and the other, with the influence on a productive layer, dest roys it, forming new caverns. In additio...

In the Jiu Valley coal basin (Romania), fr om over 2 thousand million tonnes of balance reserve, more than 60% are involved in the bituminous coal seams no.3 and no.5, which ensure 90% of the coal output of the entire basin. The thick coal seams no.3 is mined in slices with longwall mining system and roof control by caving. Because of the short mining panels, often under 300-400m, the star ting costs of mining panels become very important at the entire panel coal reserves. Th erefore, in this paper there are prese...

Since 1999 the application of GIS in Kosovo ha s provided valuable results. All of this research was based on contemporary methodol ogy on space research with GIS. In this case, within the inventory of the flora of Kosovo, is explored Common oak (Quercus robur L.), taking into account its biological aspect and modern methods of research with GIS. GIS has enabled the analysis of sea le vel height with the help of Digital relief model (Digital Elevation Model-DEM), expositi on, angle of fall and the correlation of n...

The noise propagation an alysis is critical in noise lo aded areas for a remedy search. Very useful tool for these analyses is mathematical modeling. Any modeling of a real world scenario has to consider a number of input data, noise sources, the landscape over which the noise is propagating and the location of the receivers. All these input data has a spatial character and that’s why it was decided to perform the noise propagation modeling in the GIS environment. A noise pollution modeling takes the geometry from...

The shape and geometry of bucket edge, edge and tooth material have a key influence on wheel excavator mining processes efficien cy and power consumption. The frequent change of cutting members due to their wear or break in increases mining process costs, shortens excavator operation time which mean s lower efficiency of the technological complex (TC). Every wear means a change of shape, geometry, eventually material properties of cutting members, but the incr eased power consumption of the mining process as well....

The issues in assurance of energy sufficiency and of environment quality are necessary part of scientific prognosis humanity evolution. The buildings belong to major consumer non-renewable energy and are emitter of greenhouse gases and other gaseous wastes during whole life cycle. The CO 2 emissions mostly come from the energy required to heat, cool and ve ntilate buildings. There are al so significant emissions from creating the materials to build, maintain and demolish buildings. Climatic changes, increased poll...

The Romanian tourism aims to develop, togeth er with the integration in the EU, several criteria of recognition which might be essen tial on the internationa l market, regarding the quality of the services and the natural or cultural objectives available nowadays. One of its indubitable advantages, which attract constantly the vis itors attention, is represented by the eco-touristic potential. This domain is a fo rm of alternative tourism having a permanent development. In order to perceive it adequately, it is ne...

Ever increasing industrialization has b een an important factor causing many environmental problems. Man made inputs asso ciated with industrial practices; mineral exploration, industrial processes and solid wa ste management contribute to heavy metal contamination of natural ecosystem. Nickel is one of the heavy metals that are present in industrial water from traces to very high quantity. Extraction of Ni 2+ from the effluents using flyash depends on various parameters such as pH, quantity of fly ash and sorptio...

Concrete and mortar made with Portland cement can be damaged when exposed to solutions containing sulphate. Waste water ofte n contains sulphuric bacteria, and so the piping is frequently damage due to sulphate attack. In case of concrete sewer pipes this phenomenon is caused mainly by the sulphur-o xidising and sulphate-reducing bacteria that are forming part of the biological circulation of sulphur and its compounds in biosphere. These bacteria take part in the dissimilatory part of this cycle and the bacterial ...

The territory of Kosovo, in particular of Dukagjini through the valley of the Drini i Bardhë River is under the influence of the modified Mediterranean climate. This influence climate has enabled the growth of Mediterranean and Sub Mediterranean plants which became part the species Ficus carica L. ( Fig). In the current research to Ficus carica L. ( Fig) in Kosovo was known only as cultivated plant. In this paper, we are presenting the species Ficus carica L. (Fig), which represent new naturalized-native plant spe...

The ozone layer as a protective shield life on biosphere, have very oscillations from view point of quantity and volume. To be aware on vari ation of ozon e layer volume carries out via gauging of total ozone in gauge ozone station. In this research the climatic parameter effects have been investigated on total ozone variations in Isfahan gauge ozone station and shows that a part of ozone daily oscillations are associated with atmosphere circulation patterns in upper and middle levels. My review show that the valu...

The effect of biodiversity on ecosystem func tion is complex and requires understanding of all interacting systems, such as hydr ology, geology and above ground plant diversity of the study area. In this study hydrogeoch emical modeling using PHREEQC was used to investigate the effect external fact ors (nearby river Saale and an underground channel) on the groundwater chemistry of a large grassland diversity experiment (Jena experiment). Groundwater chemical analys is was performed for river Saale and groundwater ...

At fire there are formatted many of co mpounds by the decomposition and oxidation reactions of fuel. Some of these compounds have a negative impact on environment. A various mixture of toxic a nd non-toxic substances we can determine at burning of synthetic polymers. There are present di fferent carbohydrates and their derivatives except carbon oxides and water. The composition of smoke is influenced by fuel characteristics and also by burning c onditions (mainly oxygen concentration and temperature). The analyses...

The contribution deals with the evaluation of atmospheric deposition monitoring by the modified bulk deposition met hodology (wet and dry), which was focused on selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd , As). The long-time monitoring (2001-2010) was realised in the vicinity of siderite mining and processing plant. The works operated until august 2008. The samples were monitored by means of 17 sites located maximally up to 8 km from main source of pollution. Besides the deposition fluxes of heavy metals, m...

Anthropogenic activities produce a lot of chem ical, physical and bi ological pollutants, which penetrate by different ways into environment and influence the living organisms and ecosystems negatively. In present it does not exist universal method for environmental risk assessment. Most countries use various procedures in field of risk analysis oriented to the specific problem solutions close connected with the chosen factors, which have negative influences on the individual environmental parts. The paper deals w...

This paper is focused on geochemical and mineralogical characterization of material from tailing impoundment in Slovinky (eastern Slovakia). This work should contribute to the implementation of European Parliament and European Commission directive 2006/21/ES on the management of waste from extractive industries. Samples were obtained by sampling of two drilling holes with depth 20 m, which were situated in the body of tailing impoundment. Determination of pH, Eh, conductivity, modification of 3- step sequence anal...

The nature conservation is an essential part of the human efforts for preservation of the natural landscape for the future generations. Both the living and the non-living parts of our environment are the subjects of bioconservation and geoconservation. Geoconservation aims to preserve the natural diversity of the non-living environment including bedrock features, landforms and soil features and processes. In the last two decades Bulgarian geologists have made effort s to recognize its geological heritage. In 2003 ...

Applicability of a geodetic point can be defined by its compatibility. A point compatibility is well described by its coordi nate differences dC=C´- C using for point coordinates their official values C just as the contemporary ones C´ from new measurements. Point compatibility is acceptable and the point is usable, if dC are little values only. The quantities C´ and dC can be determined from te rrestrial or satellite measurements. To verify th e point compatibilities, the su rveying results for actual geodetic co...

Kosova is rich with the na tural resources. These resources have been used for the gain of different metals. The process of metal gain is dated since 1927. Since then until in 2000 the technological gain process is followed with the pollution of environment creating the deposition of scrap. These depositio ns are located in outskirts of Mitrovica town in a distance of 1-4 km. In this zone we have a high presence of heavy metals in the air, water and earth. This waste of metals have a serious influence in the envir...

Considered the natural conditions for the fo rmation of gold, given the model of its deposits in the form of a schematic of industrial-genetic classification. Were shown the main types and examples of fields. We have created a model can serve as the scientific basis for prediction and exploration of new industrial facilities to enhance the mineral resource base of mining and processing enterprises of Kazakhstan.

In the analysis of geotechnical engineeri ng problems, limit equilibrium methods are often engaged to analyze the forces and model the problem. On the other hand, the rapid development of computing technology has e quipped a large number of methods to be employed in engineering problems, as well as geotechnical issues. These enhancement consequences the popularity of analytical limit equilibrium methods based on computer aid process. Finding the most critical slip surface is a ch allenging global optimization prob...

Slovakia, as well as other member states of the EU is obligated to achieve till 2020 rate of energy from renewable energy sources at the level of national goal of the country that is in our case 14%. In every state given duty is going about individually according condition of the country. In this sense there has been accepted at the Slovakia law n.309/2009 about support of the renewable energy sources and combined electric energy and heat production. Further frame for support of renewable energy sources is annual ...

Region forests grow on northern macroslopes of ridges from bottom to high- mountainous tundra. The forest plays important role in region ecology and in the Siberia territory as a whole. The influence of vegetation fires is the most important factor of reduction of boreal region forests. Fire activity is rising basically because of the human influence. During 35 years (1959-1994) about 33594.8 ha destroyed by wildfires. In 1995-2005 about 546088.6, ha had been destroyed by wildfires. During the period of 1999-2008 ...

The technological process applied to coal opencast mines is based mainly on a continuous technology: an excavator, long-di stance belt transport and if need be, a spreader. These extensive systems are controll ed remotely from central control stations. For some purposes, the visualization of the technological process using SCADA/HMI systems is insufficient. On the basis of th is research, procedures for the creation of virtual models of technology, mining process and opencast mine were proposed. Virtual models are...