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Construction and further operation of buildings and engineering structures in karst-hazardous areas in most cases is connected with possible man-made increase of geodynamic manifestations of karst processes. As a result of this, in the soil foundations of engineering structures, the appearance of decompression zones with reduced load capacity is possible. In some cases, an active manifestation of karst-suffusion processes is possible. In this case, the probability of unacceptable deformations of the soil base with...

Facilitation of the blue economy development is a priority field not only in the EU, but also in Latvia. The blue economy enhances a coordinated use of marine resources with the necessity to ensure economic growth and employment. Seas and oceans stimulate the European economy, in addition, they are characterized by a big innovative and growth potential. The importance of the blue economy in the sustainable development of the economy of the EU countries is significantly increasing and provides for considerable cont...

This work focused on study fractal structures on Venus is performed on the basis of observations taken by the ?Magellan? spacecraft (NASA). The equipment of this artificial satellite allowed scanning almost the entire surface of Venus using a radar with synthesized aperture of S-band (12 cm) and a microwave radiometer as well as investigating topography by the special radar ? altimeter. The uncertainties in some data produced by ?Magellan? were filled by the information that had been collected before ? in ?Venera ...

Determination of the maximal run off in the constantly changing urbanized territory often is very different compare to the natural conditions. There are many approaches to reflect the new conditions of flows formation including the extremes. Sometimes the level of urbanization is so quick that the conditions of flows formation could be altered in the frame of several years. The determination of the maximum flows is additionally complicated in case there is not a suitable hydrological monitoring network or a lack o...

Soil erosion by water is one of the kinds of soil degradation that creates challenges for soil management worldwide. Erosion risk potential is a result of combination of various erosion factors. Every soil can be affected by water erosion however, some soils are more prone to this process than the other. On the other hand, water erosion causes changes in the soil properties of the affected area. The aim of the study was to investigate the change in some of the most fundamental soil properties caused by erosion pro...

Development of heavy oil deposits increases each year, due to consumption of conventional oil reserves. However, extraction process of heavy oil faces a number of problems. The main of these problems are high density and viscosity of heavy oil as well as high content of asphaltene-resin-paraffin components, which can be precipitated. Currently, the main methods that are being used for heavy oil recovery are thermal methods, like steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and in-situ com...

In remote, hard-to-reach areas, renewable energy resources such as the sun or wind are available and can be used to produce green electricity at competitive prices. The disadvantage is that we do not always have the source of energy available (sun at night or continuous wind). This disadvantage can be overcome by using hybrid combinations of two or more renewable energy sources together with the storage of the energy produced, thus ensuring the supply of electricity at very good performance levels and with low cos...

At the present stage of the mankind development, oil and oil products receive an increasing role. One of the indispensable in the modern world petroleum products is transport fuel. Up to 89% of the fuel contains components obtained during refining. Despite the tendency of developed countries to increase the share of cars that use diesel fuel, in Russia, most of the share is in cars that use gasoline. The benchmark indicator of commercial gasoline is the octane number - a measure of their detonation stability. The ...

The problem of higher education is a priority for the strategic development of the professional land administration, cadastre and geodesy. Innovative development of the Russian economy requires the modernization of higher education aimed at preparing professionals who are proficient in modern digital and intelligent technologies at the level of world standards. Training of specialists in land administration and cadastre for the establishment of an effective land administration system in the country plays an import...

Academic rankings can be referred to as a tool of external evaluation of university performance, and a crucial role that the rankings play now in government decisions to fund university research around the world is undoubtful, despite all the ambiguity and skewness of rankings methodologies. Having said that the publication productivity and citation impact are important criteria of rankings evaluation, not only university management needs to be sure that the rankings trajectory is well applied, or incorporated int...

Monitoring of aquatic objects ecological state must include forehanded recognition of critical situations. Therefore, the forecasting widely uses possibilities of computer simulation. Of course, the most complicated and relevant simulation model of an aquatic ecosystem is giant simplification of its real life. Nevertheless, history of mathematical ecology proves that even such simple simulations of population dynamics, as predator-prey models and ones of competition for a resource between two or three species can ...

The purpose of this evaluation is the assessment of acceptability of the operation of a projected supermarket and its impact on public health status in its close environment. This assessment is instigated by the demand on commercially usable premises. The growing consumption of households in the present society focused on consuming leads to tendencies to extend networks of commercial units offering wide range of both food and non ? food products. In the environment of the Czech Republic, such units are built not o...

Flammable liquids in motion when is transporting by pipes, is mixing, pumping, filtering, agitating or by pouring them from one vessel to another can generate static charges even if the respective pipes or vessels are bonded and earthed. Also, loads may occur if the liquid is splashes and forms a mist inside the vessel (tank, container). Accumulation of static electricity can, under certain conditions, be discharge and ignite the explosive atmosphere. In the paper are presented some aspects regarding the technical...

Air travel contributes to climate change and causes environmental and economic damage by its CO2, NOx, noise and other emissions. The global carbon emissions from commercial flights are rising to 70% faster than predicted because of the growing demand for air travel in developed countries. The aviation industry accounts for 2 to 3 per cent of the CO2 emissions in the world. The principal purpose of the presented article is to acquaint with one current trend of everyday life, particularly in aviation titled as carb...

The Southern Dobrogea is situated in SE Romania, being included, tectonic point of view, in the Moesian Platform. The Southern Romania is bordered by the Danube to the West and the Black Sea to the East. In the N, the Southern Dobrogea is bordered by the Capidava-Ovidiu subcrustal fault; towards south, it continues to the northern Bulgaria. In the Southern Dobrogea, a carbonate platform developed from Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous), and continued through the Paleogene up to the Miocene. The Pliocene is m...

The most important necessary condition for the practical implementation of the results of fundamentally new technical developments is the assessment of economic and commercial efficiency of the production of science-intensive products, which would ensure the mutually beneficial interests of both new scientific knowledge developers (i.e. applied scientific organizations) and industrial enterprises implementing these developments. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing the economic efficiency...

It is well known that geomagnetic field varies in time, as well as in space. Besides, the world magnetic models which are the main sources of information concerning the values of geomagnetic field elements in a particular place, we present more precise and accurate model of these elements covering the territory of Bulgaria. Our study uses information from the last absolute geomagnetic survey involving measurements in 473 points, secular data from Panagyurishte (PAG) and several other Intermagnet observatories near...

Water has a very important role in the process of growth and development of plants, they need primarily water and nutrients, which are made available to them by soil conditions and climate. Water and soil, together ensure the existence of life on Earth. Romania has been experiencing frequent droughts in recent years, the lack of rainfall over a longer period of time and the increase in evapotranspiration lead to a decrease in the water content of the soil below the field capacity (FC) reaching the threshold of per...

Digital and technological innovations that have grown rapidly in recent years have been referred to as the 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. The fourth industrial revolution as a whole will decisively reshape all phases of the process of investment preparation, their implementation and the subsequent administration and maintenance of buildings. These changes will fundamentally affect most construction professions and will require changes in their knowledge and skills. Some professions will disappear, some...

Soil erosion is one of the most dangerous environmental problems of rural areas, which is a major environmental threat to the sustainability and productivity of agriculture, but also one of the main threats to sustainability of economic and environmental development. Currently, erosion is understood as one of the forms of degradation and as a complex of various endogenous soil-forming processes. So the assessment of this process is necessary for better environmental policy. The environmental and economic assessmen...

The study of thinking, as well as any subject of psychological science, is determined by theoretical ideas about it, as well as various specific tasks. Currently, several theoretical approaches to the study of thinking are used. The system approach is based on the position that the specificity of a complex system object is not limited to the features of its constituent elements, but is primarily related to the nature of interactions between elements. In the process of system analysis, not only the causes of phenom...

In this research work, we examined the types and nature of bonds that are formed upon immobilization of peroxidase on three types of carriers: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe3O4. To solve this problem, the method of FTIR spectroscopy was used. As a result of the analysis, many spectra were obtained at all stages of enzyme immobilization. Analyzing the spectra of pure carriers and the spectra obtained after modification of the carriers,it can be said that polystyrene sulfonic acid does not form any chemical bonds with the carriers...

This work considers the study of libration dynamics of the planets? moons. To analysis such processes, it is necessary to use methods for investigating complex systems, as an influence from neighboring celestial bodies on spin-orbital motion of a moon should be taken into account. This fully applies to the Moon?s rotation about its axis. The construction of modern theories of the physical libration of the Moon (PLM) is based on gravimetric, seismic, satellite observations, and lunar laser ranging, which in its tur...

Information modeling of structures with ?Building Information Modelling? name and abbreviation ? BIM technology, which originally appeared in construction industry, is currently spreading to other areas, where documentation of objects requires their information support. An example is the historic buildings of European countries, which were built in the distant past and today do not meet modern standards, but require maintenance, restoration, operation. This led to the creation of the historical or Heritage BIM (HB...

The main purpose in mineral processing plant is to obtain the highest possible value from a processed raw material. In majority of concentrators in the world mining the first step of the processing technology is sieving of ore that is performed using vibrating screens. Usually, in the whole technological system there are only several such machines. That is why their continuous operation is critical and they are often concerned as a bottleneck of the whole system. Although the vibrating screens are expected to keep...

Earthquakes are the deadliest natural disasters affecting the human environment. Global seismic risk and vulnerability to earthquakes are increasing steadily as urbanization and development occupy more areas that a prone to effects of strong earthquakes. Furthermore, uncontrolled growth of mega cities in highly seismic areas in the world is often associated with the construction of buildings and infrastructure, inconsistent with the regional seismo-tectonic features and seismic hazard. The assessment of seismic ha...

The town of Vidin is supplied by underground water sources through shallow and shaft wells of the ?Raney? type on the terrace of the Danube river. The main water source is located near the village of Slanotran, 12 km northeast of Vidin and consists of 4 wells with horizontal drainage rays, type ?Raney?. In recent years, has been operating mainly well 1(R-1), which is able to supply the required quantities of water for the ?Vidin? group. The annual amount of water supplied by ?Slanotran? pump station is about 7300 ...

The territory of Bulgaria represents a typical example of high seismic risk area in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. The spatial distribution of seismicity in Bulgaria is uneven, which gives reason to group earthquakes into geographically defined zones - seismogenic zones. In the present study the Sofia seismogenic zone will be examined. Sofia seismogenic zone is located in southwestern Bulgaria - the area with pronounces tectonic activity and proved crustal movement. The capital of Bulgaria - the city of...

The commercialization of innovations in the food industry faces many risks. Only one in ten products successfully reaches supermarket shelves. In particular, the Latvian fish processing industry faces significant difficulties on the path to a successful launch of innovative products still depending on the production of one type of product ? canned fish. Continuing the study on the possibilities of using the fish species available in the country, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, in 2018-2019, de...

This article is devoted to the problem of organizing geo-ecological monitoring of water supply for territories with conditions of active karst processes. In these cases, the task is complicated by the difficult hydrogeological conditions of the locality and the high vulnerability of karst groundwater resources to pollution due to their complex hydrogeological structure. Karst water exchange systems are characterized by high natural and anthropogenic vulnerability of groundwater resources, and their extremely low a...

The chemical composition of 122 samples of snow cover (collected during 2018-2020) was measured for the representative points of the Almaty agglomeration (AA). Mean values of acidity show the absence of large-scale processes of acidification of snowfall over the study area. The analysis of the temporal variations of these parameters indicates their relative stability. The high values of suspended solids are characteristic of the mountainous territory, the Almaty city, including in the area of large highways. The c...

The article attempts to explain different impacts of border effect on different types of borders and the question of whether the border effect has a greater intensity at the national border than at the border between the regions of one country and how big this difference is. The hypothesis was tested on a case study of the Liberec region, located in the Czech Republic at the border with Poland and Germany (part of Euroregion Nisa ? Neisse ? Nysa). For quantifying the border effect, the gravity model of spatial int...

The MEMS technology has experienced an amazing growth since the mid-20th century, becoming a major presence in current technologies. The MEMS devices refers to microstructures that are based on both electrical and mechanical components. Given their multiple applicability, made the demand on market to increase, resulting the rapid development of this technology. With a wide opening in the field of navigation, MEMS devices are based on accelerometers and gyros, but also on sensors such as magnetometers, environmenta...

The article is dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the publication of L. Mechnikov's book ?Civilization and the Great Historic Rivers,? where the author outlined philosophical views on the geographical theory of progress and the influence of the environment on the formation of society. This book has not lost its scientific significance at the present time. The book is multifaceted and somewhat controversial but provides "food" for inquisitive minds. It is not in our competence to evaluate this work from the pers...

Large territories in many countries of the world are occupied by tailings after placer gold excavation, including Russia (the Urals, Altai, Yakutia, Chukotka, etc.). The technologies of gold excavation for placers were intended for extraction of the most wide-spread gold grains. As a result, small gold particles were often removed in tailings. Long period of staying of fine gold particles in tailings has been accompanying the process of ?new? metal (secondary gold) origin. Detailed investigations of ?new? gold (gr...

The study of erosion processes in settlements is a pressing issue since they develop rapidly sometimes. The purpose of this study is, however, to identify the dynamics of erosion activity in settlements of the Middle Ob region. The study objectives are focused on identification of hazardous areas, which is necessary for making informed decisions related to well-minded bank protection. The targets of the study were settlements of the Middle Ob region (Pasol, Vata, Vysoky Mys villages) within the latitudinal stream ...

Air pollution is one of the main environmental causes for the occurrence of many diseases in the Republic of Bulgaria. Despite the efforts and measures taken by the responsible institutions, polluted air continues to have adverse effects. Bulgaria is still far from achieving levels of air quality that do not pose a risk to humans and the environment. In this context, the purpose of this publication is to evaluate the air quality of the border municipalities between the Republic of Bulgaria and the Republic of Serb...

Worldwide, the increased demand for various chemical products has led to an increased production activity of chemical plants involving the use of a large variety of chemicals. Most of the chemical substances used by the plants on a regular basis are considered to be highly hazardous, having toxic, explosive or flammable properties. The production, use, transportation or storage of such hazardous chemicals involves special occupational health and safety measures which have to be taken into account by the employers....

Flooding of peatlands occurs within the framework of the International Climate Initiative. The European Climate Initiative supports projects aimed at protecting the climate and ensuring a favorable living environment. Investment projects to restore wetlands should take into account environmental risks for the purpose of sustainable development of the region. Ryazan Meshchera is one of the main places for water reclamation activities. The main goal of flooding drained peatlands is to reduce their fire danger. To as...

In Bulgaria, every municipality develops an Ordinance for the construction and protection of the green system, which regulates the public relations associated with planning, construction, sustainable maintenance, conservation, and development of the green system, regardless of the ownership. The local authorities are free to customize the ordinance as long as the goals and framework of the Spatial Development Act [1] are maintained. Only 82 of the 265 municipalities have such Ordinances, including some stipulation...

The activity of evaluation and verification of industrial ventilation installations has a strong preventive role in terms of explosion risk mainly due to the fact that of the three determining elements that can lead to an explosion phenomenon, ventilation installations can determine the presence of two elements namely the presence of fuel (gases, vapors, dusts, mists) and the source of initiation (hot surface, flame, sparks of mechanical origin, electrical sparks, static electricity, etc.). The development of expe...

The applied research focused on the stabilization process of unstable soils has pointed out the possibility of using different types of organic fibers and eco-friendly binders in terms of their effects on mechanical performance characteristics, cost savings and environmental impact. The experimental applications carried out under small-scale laboratory conditions aim to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of bio-composite wool-based products mixed with different binders in clayey stabilization works or...

The paper deals with quantitative methods of risk management applied to a crisis event of criminal origin. Two quantitative risk assessment methods are introduced. The event tree analysis and the RM/RA CRAMM method are applied from the perspective of crisis management in the phase of criminal crisis prevention. The advantages and disadvantages of the quantitative methods compared to qualitative methods are discussed. The quality of input data is accented to get reliable results that can be seriously taken into acc...

Effective stimulation of the activities of national enterprises related to environmental protection, reduction of the negative industrial impact on the environment, an increase in innovation and investment attractiveness, environmental image and improvement of environmental situation in Ukraine is possible if the methodology for assessing the overall level of enterprise?s environmental security is developed and tested in practice. The relevance of solving this scientific problem is that it is important to take int...

The presentation of the possibilities for the construction of ecological urbanism in the border regions of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Bulgaria is directly dependent on the degree of socio-economic cohesion between the administrative-territorial units separated in these territories. The construction of ecological urbanism is becoming an increasingly important issue given the ongoing climate change. On the other hand, ecological urbanism is associated with the possibilities for planning and building ...

Stone columns are one of the most-used technologies of soil improvement in Slovakia. The stone columns installed using the vibro-replacement technology cause the change in the stress state and the properties of the surrounding soil. These changes are often not taken into account in the design. The paper deals with determine the change of the stress state and oedometer modulus in the soil around a single stone column. The calculations have been prepared in the form of a parametric study. The selected properties of ...

When designing buildings and structures in landslide hazardous areas, the development of techno-economically effective landslide structures is often necessary. This requires a deep analysis of engineering-geological and engineering-hydrological surveys, as well as the identification of the nature of the landslide (its structure, type and depth). The article discusses the design features of engineering landslide protection of the building of the sanatorium and sports grounds, as well as access roads to them located...

Analysis of social networks is one of the promising areas of research. In addition to the development of a mathematical apparatus that allows processing the extracted data, it is of interest to identify new characteristics of user interaction. In the case of researching social networks, one of the important problems is the definition of a digital portrait of a user based on the consolidation and preliminary processing of open data from his profiles. To solve this problem, the authors previously proposed a model fo...

There is observational evidence that the global sea levels are rising and increasing the risk to coastal communities from floods and erosion. Interest in marine sea level research is determine not only by forecasting cataclysms and sea level rising, but also in connection with interdisciplinary studies exploring the causes of this change. The article outlines time series analysis of tide gauge data to solve for short and long-term sea level variations at Varna and Burgas tide gauge stations. The data covered the p...

Annually more than 300,000 thousand tons of waste are generated in Ukraine, including about 600 thousand tons of hazardous waste. These include used fluorescent lamps, motor oils, batteries, unsuitable and expired pesticides, pesticide packaging, medical waste and others. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as of the end of 2018, the total amount of waste accumulated during operation in designated areas or facilities was 12972428.5 thousand tones. Whereas during 2018 the amount of generated waste...