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In this paper, we want to check the quality of the drinking water in Kochani (in 2008). Our goal is to determine its chemical su itability. During one year (2008), we have analyzed 48 samples of crude water taken from springs, 44 samples of water taken right before its entering into the factory, 29 samp les of water taken right after its exiting of the factory and 262 samples taken from the water supply network in 5 randomly chosen places.

The research done by the climatology specialists of the National Meteorology Administration, using long stri ngs of data collected from 14 meteorological stations, showed, on a national level, an average temperature rise of 0.3°C between 1901 and 2000 and of 0.5°C between 1901 and 2007, which is statistically relevant in the Carpathian region, with certain seasonal os cillations. The data analysis done with the help of the archives gathered from a la rge number of meteorol ogical stations (94), consisting of conti...

Through benchmarking one can get informati on about the performing practices in the field of environmental policies, thus being able to try to reach its level of performance. But the national context requires the finding of self means of achieving the performance and performing practices. The environmen tal policies benchmarking has long term effects and stimulates the learning in concerned entities. The aim is to create sustainable prosperity. It requires common goals and use of all actors involved in the change ...

This article is a summary of previous rese arch results focused on solution of rainwater use in urban areas. The research was focuse d on monitoring of quality and also quantity of caught rainwater. Based on rainwater qua lity monitoring the results were evaluated and compared with valid legi slation and some improvement s of rainwater to quality corresponding to drinking water were proposed. By the water treatment the aggression of rainwater was first solved, which was ev aluated on the basis of test according to...

The paper deals with verification of the sl udge stabilization from retention tanks by using modified cellulose fibers. Verifica tion of the method was implemented through laboratory tests and field test. Laboratory te st take place in VUHU a.s. Most and field test was performed at the quarry Ji ří, Sokolov coal company, a.s. legal successor. Stabilization took place in order to allow extr action of sludge from retention reservoirs. These reservoirs are build for longer time period and must be cleaned due maintain...

Western Anatolia in Turkey is one of the areas in which the earth`s continental crust has been rapidly deformed. The dominant system is a graben system in western part of the Anatolia. There are various suggestions about the type of the deformation, the amount of extension and the formation of grabens. The regional tectonic structures of western Anatolia is characterized by strike-slip and normal fault zones. Tuzla fault zone, in Izmir in Western Anatolia, is one of the most important of them. The seismic activity...

Mining bodies that lay in the depth of Earth’ s core always appear as irregular bodies in different geological- mining circumstances. Mine “Trepça” in Stanterg since the beginning of its work in 1930 up to now has applied several exploitation methods of mining bodies, and one of these methods is the so called Frontal Method. This method is applied in cases when the ore body has small sizes in length from 30m and the fall angle up to 30º. During the app lication of this method, the securing backbones have been enga...

In literature, environment is mentioned as “the whole natu re and examples of human- made structures in the nature together with human beings and all other living beings”. Environment is the atmosphere or conditions in which an organism exists and it is an atmosphere that existed with the first living being on earth. Environment is the physical, biological, social, economic a nd cultural atmosphere where people and other living beings lead their lives and interact with one another. Human life is built on various b...

For centuries formation of coexistance of two cultures on interface of Western and Central Europe, Germanic and Slavonic, in olden times disturbing clashes of noble families, was in recent hist ory seriously scarred by First World War and subsequent solution of their reasons. Coexistance in the Euroregion Ore Mountains, how is this area called, is in recent years renovated of various exchange of cultural an d sports relations, partnership of towns. Example of this and the most considerable cooperation is in saving...

The main difficulty in choosing a preferential location of a number of possible sites is the fact that the environm ental impact generated by eac h site can not be easily quantified. When choosing such a location it mu st also be taken into consideration to minimize risks to public health, minimize environmental impact, maximize service levels to users, and minimize the usage co sts. In the “Timisoara” case, placing a Landfill Site was a thorny issue that was resolved quite difficultly.

The Dardanian zone (Serbian-Macedonian massif) represents the western part of the Rhodope crystalline basement. This zone was structured and metamorphosed during the Hercynian and post Hercynian tectonic st ages. The geological mapping at 1:25.000 [1] show that a of the studied region is built of crystalline Pale ozoic basement. The important aspects have been identified in the structure and metamorphism from this part of western Rhodopes. The study of the deformed Variscian and Hercynian tectonic phases are diffi...

Dojran Lake is the smallest natural lake in Macedonia, but is very important water resource for population in the region. Main economy in the region is tourism and fishery. Dojran Lake with its hydrological basin is a closed hydrological system with natural inflow of water to th e lake, but no natural outflow. Recharge of the lake is from direct surface and underground inflow. In the period 1988-2000, the water level in the lake continuously was declining. Water level declination caused ecological catastrophe for ...

Corporations regarded as socially responsible can benefit from a large satisfied clientage while the public image of social irresponsibility can end up with a boycott or any other hostile actions from costumers. Po sitive contributions to social development can be considered by companies as long term investments in the consolidation of a safer community life, better educated and mu ch more equitable which corporations can benefit from by unfolding their activities in a more dynamic, stable and resourceful environm...

The article deals with the utilization of electronic documentation and video presentation at the teaching on universities. The utilizatio n of the electronic study materials in PDF format with virtual interactive models enables to students not only better visualisation of the task which is being, but it enables to understand the problems and to obtain the geometrical data without their text or di mensional descriptions, too. Creation and utilization of DVD guides is the next step of the improvement of educ ational...

The landscape structure, its components and their developments are possible to monitor from several, mutually complementary aspect s: arrangement of gradients (abiotic and biotic) across the territory without signifi cant and sharp boundaries; arrangement of areas in the mosaic of the landscape; network of areas and corridors; system of boundaries and rims in the landscape mosaic [1]. The investigation into ecotones enabled a better understanding of the causal relationships between certain landscape elements, land...

The presented paper brings results of a case study implementing the geofactors of flood land and radon hazard into land use plans in the cadastral district of Doubrava and Karvina. The studied area is located in the Ostrava-Karvina Coal District in the north- east of the Czech Republic close to the Polish border. It is defined by the map sheet 15- 44-03 in 1:10 000 scale. The area was studied for the fact how land use planners catered for the distribution of flood land characte rised by the hundred-year flood and ...

During the last two decades has been in the Ostrava city registered a higher number of floods; some of them were extreme ones - such as the flood in 1997 and 2010. The consequence of increasing frequency of floods during this period was also the increase of property damage and real estate losses. Increased risk of flooding in the affected areas was reflected in the prices of real estates and lands’ prices immediately after the catastrophic floods in 1997 and then in 2010. Property prices are now affected, among ot...

Analysis of the horizontal strains of the ground subsidence due to underground excavation in rock can be accomplished by a hybridized higher order indirect boundary element/ finite difference (BE/FD) formulation. The higher order displacement discontinuity field is obtai ned by using the quadratic displacement discontinuity elements (i.e each higher order element is divided into three sub-elements bearing a quadratic variation of displ acement discontinuities). Then th e classic finite difference formulation (i.e....

Magnetotelluric (MT) and Manetometry data physically provide the signatures of the apparent resistivities for various geological formations or simply various rocks and materials. In this study th e interpretation guide us to useful information about Damavand volcano’s geological characterizations. Recognition of the fault paths, zones and the trend of them in the region also would lead us to a 3D image of the location of the magma chamber which in turn would be the direct result of the current project. The results...

A detailed study has been conducted to investigate the leaching behavior of low-grade secondary type, uranium minerals under alkaline conditions. Uranium mapping analysis indicated the significance of each particle size to the leaching process. Owed to its significance, particle size effects were examined by two different experimental schemes: classical plate agita tion and bottle roll te sting. Other infl uencing variables such as agitation time and concentration of used lixiviants, were also considered. Results ...

Thermophillous oak forests include considerable area of forest within Kosovo. Lie on altitude 300-1200 m. In the mountainous massifs where the greatest impact continental climate, these forests developed mainly in southern and southwestern expositions. These forests except the Central European plant species are rich with Mediterranean and Submediterranean species. These forests belong to the class Querco-Fagetea , to the ordo Quercetalia pubescentis and to the alliances: Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis , Quercion frai...

Detailed petrographic studies, whole rock geochemistry and in situ U-Pb geochronology of syenite from Iwo area of the southwestern Nigeria has been performed. The results indicate that the syenite is metaaluminous belonging to the calc-alkaline magmatic series whose parental melt was derived fr om melting of the upper mantle/lower crustal source. Precise U-Pb dating of zircons is done by LA-ICP-MS and age of 625 ± 6.1 Ma is obtained. The field and petrological i nvestigations show that the syenite was emplaced syn...

In conductive heat transfer mechanism daily (diurnal) temperature variations almost damp in a layer as deep as 1 m, and annual variation do it as deep as 18-21 m. In case of coincidence of periodic heating with flui d mass transfer (downward percolation of surface water from rivers), thickness of the layer with periodic temperature fluctuations increases significantly. This discovery with author`s priority registered August,19, 1964, was made by N.M. Frolov. We consider the research on temperature waves created in...

Gravity which is the basic potantial, can be used in geodesy, geology and other field of engineering. In order to portray earth surf ace, geoid is needed which is the shape of globe and tranquil sea surface lands are believed to keep on under them. In order to determine the geoid, gravity should be k nown. Corrections for the gravity value differences sourced by gravity values, whic h are measured on earth surface, should be done that these corrections are called as gravity reducing. In this study, and latitude an...

Rock mass deformation modulus is an im portant input parameter in any stability analysis in the surface and underground structures. This parameter can be obtained through in-situ tests, empirical relations be tween deformation modulus and rock mass classification, and estimating from back analysis method. Field tests are developed to determine this parameter directly, but these methods are time consuming and expensive. Therefore, some researchers have proposed empirical formula for estimation of rock mass modulus ...

Tourist trails are of great importance for mountain tourism and in recent years their situation came to the fore again in Romania too. Is typical of today’s tourists that they want to know more and more data regarding their destination, they want to visualize in a virtual world their selected places. Theref ore, a self-made analysis software were designed with the aim to determine the foll owing parameters: tota l length, rising and descending length over a given limit, mi nimum and maximum height, maximum elevati...

Determining the stress around a mining excavation is a complex issue of Geomechanics and implicitly of the mining area. The evaluati on of stress state is essential, but very difficult to obtain, due to the interaction of the instrument ation with the rock massif. The measurement methods, together with the devices and the methods of processing and interpretation of data, ensure and create the possibility of knowing the degree of dependence between the measured effects in terms of time, and the factors causing them...

The aim to the research was to compare or thometric heights, de termined by real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning System observations and local geoid models in Adana city, Turkey. GPS network had been established according to Large Scale Map and Map Information Production Regulations (LSM&MIPR) in Adana metropolitan city at 2008. In study field total area is 663.05 km2 451 stations which are 2 items Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network (TUTGA ) points, 6 stations graded by C1, 35 stations graded by C2 a...

The favorable geographic conditions, in direct relation with the variety of the natural resources have contributed to the development of the rura l settlements and of a certain specific type of economy, in the Subcarpathian area of Dambovita Valley. The agricultural activity now holds an important role in the economy of these human settlements, a fact demonstrated both by th e proportion of the population employed in agriculture and by the land use changes. During the last decennia, the wood exploita tion and proc...

Eutrophication is a persistent damage of surface waters and a widespread environmental problem. It is typically caused by leac hed phosphorus or nitrogen containing compounds into lakes, rivers or other semi-enclosed waters (even slow-moving rivers). The addition of these nutri ents disrupts the ecosystem , leading to new species introduction, decreased biodiversity, and toxicity. The paper deals with an assessment of the surface water quality in the watercourse Topľa and the small water basin Hr čeľ (Slovak Repub...

The product of biogas plants, in addition to em erging biogas as well as digestate, which is usually used for fertilization. Due to the relatively strict legislative requirements, which must meet the digestate to be used fo r fertilization, it is necessary to design and evaluate other potential alte rnative use of digestate. This paper presents the initial laboratory experiments of pyrolysis and gasifi cation of dried digestates, focusing on the composition of gaseous products of these pr ocesses, utilization of s...

This paper is focused on the sulphur and su lphur forms distribution in the Antonin coal seam at Jiri and Druzba open-cast mines in the North Bohemian brown coal basin, in the Czech Republic. Briefly describes the basic geological structure of the area, deals with sulphur forms, sulphur genesis, chemism, coal sampling and analysis from the exploration boreholes. Overall 32 coal samples were precisely analyzed. The results of this analysis were used for the construc tion of the graphic outputs. Based on these resul...

Exchange in nature named by the people barter, in a haggling, an unwritten contract between two parties who give each other one thing for another thing. As a human manifestation, the barter is the ancestor of commerce today that is mediated by money and the most modern techniques. Ethnographic questionnaires completed in 1970 for developing the Romanian Ethnographic Atlas r ecorded it in all the counties. In most localities Carpathian and Subarpathian investigated in the early twentieth century echanged was, wood,...

The study includes the geochemical data of foraminifera in Pleistocene-Holocene aged marine sediments outcropping along the coasts of Gulf of Antalya and around the Belek, Kadriyeköy and Kumköy settlement places in the south of the Serik (eastern Antalya) in Turkey. The chemistry of benthic foraminifera tests can include records of seawater and provide data on environmental interpretation. For this purpose a total of 28 benthic forami nifera were selected from similar genus and species of benthic foraminifera and ...

The hydrometallurgical process for obtaini ng alumina by Bayer process bauxite is getting significant amounts of red mud (0.8 - 2 t / t Al 2O3). It is deposited in dumps which can cause danger for environment mainly due to the alkali content ( pH = 8-13) and small dimensisons of particles (less than 60 microns). Chemical and mineralogical composition of red mud bauxite is closely related to type of the bauxite used as raw material and processing conditions determined by some peculiarities of applied technology (pr...

In the article is shown the approach to a research on hydropower resources in Western Siberia. The hydropower potential estimates are ba sed on the following factors: water content of rivers, river slopes and flow velocities. Identified are the portions of rivers with largest energ у capacity and the possibility to use hydro potential. A measure of hydrological tension was cal culated, which takes in to account the quantitative characteristics of following factors: low water, ice effect s, high water, sediments ru...

The aim of this paper consists in highlighting the feasible technical solution in a real situation, namely to achieve the consolid ation of the road accessing the monitoring block from Obrejii-of-Căpâlna dam. As a consequence of the landslides occurred on the left flank, between the intersection with national road DN 67C and Podu Vacii point, at about 50 - 60 m downstream the dam, it was proposed the narrowing of the access road platform, to the surveillan ce and control block of the dam, on 20 - 30 m length. Acco...

The main two sources that contribute to the surface heat flow density value are (1) heat production within the crust due to decay of unstable isotopes of Uranium 238 (U), Thorium 232 (Th), Potassium 40 (K), and (2) heat flow density from the mantle. Heat production can be calculated using the regional radioactive U, Th and K values. In this study radiogenic heat production values were estimated from U238, Th232 and K40 concentrations from Marmara Region. The crustal temperature distribution has been modelled by th...

The environmental protection expenditures have started to play a significant role in the Romanian economic development policy only since the 1990s, both in enterprises and public authorities. The objective of EU accession has led Romanian policymakers and managers to give up the idea that investme nt in environmental protection should be postponed until the economic growth can provide financial resources needed to solve the environmental problems. In ternational studies have also shown that the economic growth exp...

The area under study is located in east Azerbaijan and southwest of Ardabil. In this area the volcanic rocks are placed over the Oligocene and lower Miocene clastic sedimentary rocks and under lower Pliocene epiclastic sedi ments. Therefore, their age is middle and upper Miocene. These volcanic rocks have been extruded in dome shape from the fissures of an eruptive caldera. These domes are rich in silica. From the boundary to the center of caldera, these domes are categorized into three types with regard to their ...

The Maastrichtian aged Dikmendede Formation in the Orhaniye (Kazan-Ankara) area formed in a deep-marine environment. The formation consists of alternating green, grey-coloured turbiditic conglomerate, sands tone, shale, claystone and marl. The unit has typical flysch features and has sediment ary structures such as thin/thick bedding, normal graded bedding, erosional surfaces, flut e casts, load structures, ball-and-pillow structures, bounce marks, slump structur es and numerous biogenic traces. The conglomerates ...

Environmental issues at mining comp anies are so numerous, complex, and interconnected that an ad hoc approach to problem solving is no longer considered effective. The growing pressure from all st akeholders forces these companies to adopt environmental responsibility in all activities. There has a paradigm shift in the attitude of the companies as it switches over from “Passive environmental strategies“ to “Proactive environmental strategies”. In this paper, Integrated Eco Permissions (IEP), incorporated into th...

In this article we tried to emphasize the impor tance of labor within the tourism, because the workforce occupation is among the most serious problems with which is facing the world today, regardless of the degree of development of the country, because, on one hand, the level, structures and efficien cy of workforce occupation reflects the macroeconomic performances, as well as and the capacity of economic system to capitalize the available resources, and on the other hand, the labor is the only measure of individ...

The development of the market economy and th e increase in its degree of complexity requires complete operative economic informa tion. The balance sheet stands for the accounting method procedure through which ther e can be controlled the way of using material and human resources in view of making necessary decisions. The balance sheet-based analysis - i.e. the diagnosis an alysis - is oriented towards revealing the financial position of the company, its capaci ty to generate monetary surplus values guaranteeing i...

One of the tourism types thought under the range of variation in tourism is health tourism. In order to have tourism in every season throughout the year, health tourism started to have a great importance nowadays. When you say health tourism, the first thing that comes to mind is thermal sources. In addition to this, some well-developed and well-equipped hospitals have been making big organizations to get patients to treat and earning money on dollar basis in medical tourism. The rise of medical tourism has happen...

In this paper we describe the analysis of costs associated with disposal of hazardous and common waste, in the construction company. Furthermore, we show how to implement Six Sigma methodology to reduce costs of waste disposal. On the specific example from practice there is shown the effectiveness of this approach in the management of waste in the practical conditions of a construction company.

Complex uranium ores of Kazakhstan are a potential raw source of gold and RRE, for example, scandium. Experime ntal researches on opening of ores various leaching systems are spent. It is shown, that uran ium accompanying metals can be extracted in solutions.

The purpose of this publication is to evaluate the geological environment for its suitability, respective unsuitability for foundation engineering. The means to realisation this objective was the study about extension of the engineering-geological zones on a map sheet 15-44-08 in studied area. This is an area municipalities in the Doly, Spa Darkov, Stonava and Horni Sucha. It is a mining area in the northeastern part of the Czech Republic. There were detected the speci es of the engineering-geological zones, the l...

Nowadays, when the amount of exhaustible energy resources in the world are reducing and their prices are increasing proportionately , mankind tries to find alternative sources of energy. Use of solar radiation has huge potential in th e future. Already today, the sunlight is transformed into heat or electric energy. For the conversion of solar energy into electricity we are using photovoltic cells. The Slovak Republic is in the use of photovoltaic systems on the tail in the Euro pean Union. Electricity produced by...