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Green energy from solar, wind, and water in the nearest future will make a maximum contribution to global energy balance, substituting combustion technologies for energy production. However, considerable efforts need to be made in this direction, therefore, carbon dioxide caption technologies and hydrogen purification technologies are needed for a transition period to reduce the burden on nature. Hydrogen can be considered a green energy source. It can be obtained from water using electrolysis or hydrocarbons, alc...

Renewable and waste resources valorization can considerably improve the ecological issues of modern industry and transport sectors of economy. Methanol to hydrocarbon reaction process can be considered one of the possible ways for biomass valorization, resulting in hydrocarbons formation applicable to the chemical industry and transport applications. This way includes biomass gasification process to form a syn-gas, the next step typically includes syn-gas transformation into methanol and the last one includes meth...

Extracting information from a text is an undivided part of modern NLP applications. Ontologies and semantic networks play important role in sense disambiguation problem, helping us distinguish concept nodes in text inputs. As we know, every language is always changing. Each generation of people adds something new to it, and new terms and word forms emerge while others become deprecated and people stop using them. Therefore modern linguistic ontologies have to store this information within a concept node. In this p...

Progress in new technologies brings with it unknown dangers and risks. The biggest development of the last few years is the use and production of fine and ultrafine particles (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 ?m), which, according to new studies, may have a negative impact on human health. It is very important to deal with this problem, especially from the point of view of workers who are at the front line of contact with these new materials, and it means that they are also at the greatest risk. There is yet no ...

The study of spatial heterogeneity of phytosanitary state of seeding and agricultural crops plantings is necessary for the widespread introduction of the precision farming system, which would make it possible to achieve a significant reduction in the pesticide load on agrocenoses and the environment. In Russia, the methodology for studying the heterogeneity of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses is developed on the experimental base of the Menkovsky branch of the Agrophysical Research Institute. For this purpos...

The article presents the issue of scale deposits in sanitary installations. Scale contributes to improper operation of sanitary devices and leads to their degradation. Scale build-up in pipes and measuring elements results in higher water consumption due to inaccurate estimation of this resource consumption. The consequence is that devices based on process automation do not work properly due to disturbances in the actual water flow. The formation of deposits also leads to economic and ecological losses, as sanitar...

Microbial biomass was evaluated by determining the content of soil phospholipids in the upper and illuvial horizons of different-age kastanozems and solonetzes of the Bronze Age, Early Iron Age and Medieval time, located on various soil-forming rocks, in the zone of dry steppes, as well as in modern background soils. The microbial biomass in the upper horizon of modern Kastanozem on loess-like loams was 2800 ?g per g of soil that was 3 and 4 times higher than that in the upper horizon of modern kastanozem and mode...

In a model laboratory experiment, the succession of the microbial community during the decomposition of food products of a protein (sheep meat, cow curd), lipid (sheep fat) and polysaccharides (millet) was studied. Data on the dynamics of changes in the content of organic carbon, active microbial biomass, and respiratory response to the adding the low-molecular-weight compounds (amino acids and carboxylic acids) into the soil were obtained. It was found that the slowest decomposition of fat occurs after two months...

The European mining industry is an active sector. Mining operations disturb large volumes of land and produce huge quantities of waste. The tailings dams of the mining industry occupy large areas representing a huge cost in terms of operation/maintenance, health, safety, environment and economy. This paper is an overview of the possible sustainable waste management strategies that are targeted on the reuse of residues as secondary resources. Therefore, it is focused on restoring mine tailings as inert materials to...

The European mining industry is an active sector. Mining operations disturb large volumes of land and produce huge quantities of waste. The tailings dams of the mining industry occupy large areas representing a huge cost in terms of operation/maintenance, health, safety, environment and economy. This paper is an overview of the possible sustainable waste management strategies that are targeted on the reuse of residues as secondary resources. Therefore, it is focused on restoring mine tailings as inert materials to...

Wheat (Triticum L.) is a cereal which has a unique role in the global economy due to its technological and production value. The aim of this paper was to highlight the variation of the amount of mineral substances from thirty one varieties of wheat grains cultivated in Romania, from various origins such as: Romanian, German, French, Austrian, etc. Twenty-four grains samples were of common wheat (Triticum aestivum), two wheat samples were of Triticum monococcum and five wheat samples were of Triticum spelta. All th...

Apatite ore is a source of phosphorus for the mineral fertilizers production, and one of the most demanded raw materials for today. The growth of processed raw materials increases the volume of stockpiled processing waste. Such secondary mineral deposits are of interest as a potential object to be involved into processing. The paper studies apatite-nepheline processing waste stored in tailing dumps during different temporal periods. The authors have performed a mineralogical and chemical analysis of stored waste s...

Microbial contamination of foods leads to food poisoning in consumers. The uncontrolled application of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which is the case for the developing countries in general, generates their global environment accumulation and the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. This problem can also refer to food preservatives obtained by chemical synthesis. On the other hand, fermentation and pickling are traditional cooking methods in most countries to prevent microbial spoilage. The producing org...

The largest damages and environment contamination are caused by the mining and mineral processing industries, as well as the power and chemical industries. That is why when we are speaking of damaged terrains reclamation and soils, first of all we understand reclamation from the impact of these anthropogenic activities. Reclamation places many questions from an economic, social, technical and scientific viewpoint. Reclamation is a complex approach to sustainable management of land degraded as a result of natural o...

Expansion of the transport infrastructure of the Krasnodar Territory (Russia), in connection with the development of new land plots, as well as an increase in the tourist flow to the region, it became necessary to build facilities in difficult engineering and geological conditions on landslide slopes in hard-to-reach areas. As one of the measures to protect against landslide movements of surface rocks and to strengthen weakened sections of slopes, structures of bored piles, restrained in non-displaceable soils, ar...

The increased content of suspended fine mineral particles in technological and waste waters of mining enterprises and the need to reduce their content to prescriptive concentrations before recycling or discharging into natural water bodies make it necessary to develop new approaches to water conditioning. Despite a variety of existing technological solutions, it’s a problem to select a water conditioning method that simultaneously provides low cost and environmental acceptability. The solution to this task is the ...

The quality of agricultural products grown and collected at the facilities of the agro-industrial complex and the raw materials obtained for various industries largely depends on the ecological state of the geological environments. To quickly eliminate possible contamination, it is necessary to solve the problems of their early detection, localization and forecasting with the help of special technical means. In this aspect, it is promising to use groups of geoelectric control methods that allow to effectively regi...

Technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is used to obtain ligature in Fe-B system. The SHS Technology can also be successfully used for obtaining ligatures from metallurgical waste, which is the subject of investigation in the presented paper. To separate melted alloy of Fe-B and slag of the process, synthesis is carried out in centrifugal machine. Separation degree between melted alloy of Fe-B and slag in the graphite cup inside the rotating reactor, and, therefore, output degree of final ...

Peltier thermoelectric modules (TEM) have a number of key advantages over compressor cooling systems (ease of use for both cooling and heating, high operational characteristics due to the absence of moving parts, etc.). Ensuring smooth and accurate regulation of the TEM temperature regime requires the development and application of effective automatic control systems. To create complex temperature change profiles, it is necessary to increase the order of the control system, which causes a stability problem. To ana...

The Volga is a cascade of lowland reservoirs since 1982. This allows flood prevention, river-sea navigation and hydropower generation. The creation of a cascade of hydropower plants led to the flooding of fertile floodplain lands, a decrease in water quality, and drastic algal blooms in the summer season. The alternative solution includes establishment of combined renewable energy plants containing floating solar and pumped storage plants near the existing hydropower plants. This is tentatively estimated to lower ...

For the development of traffic management systems in order to optimize it, especially traffic control at intersections, it is necessary to model traffic flows and their main characteristics. The purpose of this work is to propose a methodology for creating such models, to develop algorithms that simulate the operation of traffic lights and the movement of vehicles, to develop an application that plausibly simulates traffic flows and their control. In this work, for modeling the transport system, we proposed the pr...

Building of a shopping center was planed in Riga city, Latvia. Unfortunately, the center was located in the former dump site place where the about eight meters thick waste body contained an irregular mixture of oil products, Phenols, Detergents and metals: Copper, Lead and Chromium. It was presumed that these dissolved in groundwater contaminants should enter the nearby lake and dich. It was found out that cleaning of the place was not time and cost effective. It was necessary to reduce the concentration of these ...

The article is devoted to the discussion of the application of the complex of technicalsolutions developed by the authors of the article aimed at eliminating the gorenje firesthat arise and develop within the landfills of solid municipal waste near urbanizedterritories. As is known, due to the growing number of municipal solid waste landfillsnear settlements, a number of geoecological problems are increasing, among which themost acute are the problems of pollution of the lower layer of air, surface andunderground ...

The Article is dedicated to the analysis of alterations that occur in the structural land use in the territory of large cities and to formation of proposals on improvements of the city policy in the area of land use, infrastructure development and ecology. St. Petersburg, that is one of the largest Russian cities, is used as an example for the analysis. However, the tendencies and issues identified in the article may be considered generic for all large cities of Russia. The article is based on the analysis of the ...

The purpose of this study is to develop approaches for the monitoring the environmental and reputational risks of building industry’s companies; to confirm the hypothesis that it is possible to use audited financial and environmental reports as sources for monitoring. The basis of the author's idea is the conceptual approaches of the international standards on auditing and true view tasks, as tools to guarantee the reliability of the results of monitoring environmental indicators in conjunction with key audit issu...

Buried Neogene-Quaternary river valleys are widespread within the Middle Volga region. The article presents morphology and morphometry data of paleovalleys on the territory of the Middle Volga region (northward of Samarskaya Luka). The material for study was obtained on the basis of the analysis of geological surveying in 1950-2000s. Information processing was carried out using the methods of geoinformation mapping, which are widely used in paleogeomorphological studies. Derived database allowed to operate with da...

By adopting the Multiannual Financial Framework (MMF), the European Union (EU) sets the priorities and objectives for the EU. The achievement of the objectives set out in the multi-annual budget is closely linked to the implementation of the Member States' national policies and strategies, as well as to the programming documents for the administration of the European Investment Funds. In order to track the progress of the EU Member States in the implementation of economic and social cohesion policy, the authors ha...

The article includes estimates to confirm that the energy of the water of the Oka and Volga rivers at their confluence has being sufficient to erode transfer the volume of surrounding sedimentary rocks, and forming a height difference of about 100 m between the right and left banks and creating a unique landscape of stunning beauty and attractiveness. This phenomenon is due to the work of the Coriolis force and therefore is ubiquitous. However, at the confluence of the Oka and Volga rivers the transfer of sediment...

The Volga River is essentially a cascade of reservoirs that provide hydroelectric energy. This technical solution made it possible to produce electricity for industrialization, to ensure the passage of river-sea vessels between five seas and to stop floods on the Volga River. Although often considered a green energy source, there are environmental and economic considerations that should be accounted for in a holistic and sustainable perspective, i.e. a life cycle of ca. 50 years, areal inundation by reservoir wate...

At present, in time of sustainable environment, people views are increasingly focused on the energy performance of buildings. In recent years, there has been a huge increase in the rate of insulation of buildings. Thermal insulation of facades and roofs of buildings has been theoretically mastered and practically realized. Recently, we have also encountered thermal insulation of foundation structures to prevent heat leakage through massive concrete foundation structures into the subgrade. As clear from the availab...

The purpose of this publication is to assess the multi - risk of hydro meteorological hazards (drought, hail, snowfall and snow accumulation, fog, floods, winds, fires) on the territory of the Danube Water Management District (DWMD). DWMD is one of the four districts designated for water management on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. For this purpose, an approach for multi-risk assessment has been developed, which is part of the overall risk management process. It includes three stages: risk identificati...

The paper demonstrates relevance of diagnostics and monitoring of tailings as collectors of liquid mining wastes. The author has been an initiator and supervisor of the development of the methodological bases of combining multilevel observations to monitor hydraulic structures of tailings of mining enterprises. Monitoring observations are carried out at four levels: satellite, aerial, surface and subsurface (underground). The satellite level includes GPS geodesy, processing and analysis of optical and radar images...

Present paper is a brief story about Bulgarian efforts to integrate data, products and services in Bulgaria into a newly established scientific infrastructure named a National Geoinfomation Center (NGIC) and its efforts to assess and communicate the information about natural hazards and risks to the general public. We started two years ago with the ambitious goal of uniting our observations and research in the area of monitoring and investigation of the Earth’s interior and the near-Earth space. The instrumental u...

Requirements for performing environmental self-monitoring (ESM) of various installations are set in the Russian legislation. However, large industrial plants often need to develop and run Industrial Environmental Monitoring (IEM) Programmes not at source but within the zone of influence, which in Russia is defined as the area at the boundaries of which concentrations of contaminants emitted by the pollution source reach 5 % of respective maximum allowable concentrations (ambient air quality standards). IEMP object...

Concerning the volume of goods conveyed, maritime transport is leading, and the last period proved that the trend is ascendant. Increased marine traffic leads to raised accident risks. Despite the state of the art marine technology and consistent regulations regarding navigation safety, naval accidents still occur and produce severe damage to assets, human life, and the marine environment. The paper presents the main types of naval accidents, focusing on the Black Sea basin, a sea with a complicated status regardi...

The seismicity of Romania is significantly affected by earthquakes produced by the Vrancea seismic source with intermediate depth events (3 shocks/century with magnitude Mw greater than 7.0). The seismic activity on the Romanian territory consists of both shallow and intermediate-depth earthquakes. The crustal seismicity is moderate and more scattered in comparison with the intermediate-depth one. The recent upgrade of the seismic network in Romania with high dynamic range velocity sensors (150 real time seismic s...

Lately, the food industry, along with other industries, is making efforts to prevent environmental pollution, by improving both processing-development and packaging technologies. Packaging used in the food industry usually uses synthetic, petroleum-based materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc. These materials are extremely polluting, and the raw materials are non-renewable. A beneficial solution in this regard is the development and use of biodegradable foil packaging that can successfull...

Surveying stability monitoring of hydraulic structures are an integral part of their safe operation, warning of man-made, environmental emergencies. In most cases, such facilities are not typical objects, and, therefore, blind guidance of regulatory documents cannot provide an opportunity for operational stability control. The problem of designing observation stations in hydraulic structures is extremely relevant in this regard. This article summarizes the experience of conducting systematic high-precision observa...

Hydrogen production plays an important role in the decarbonization of energy used in all sectors. It can be used as an environmentally friendly raw material, fuel or energy carrier. According to Hydrogen Roadmap Europe (2019), the total amount of hydrogen used in the EU is 339 TWh. The largest share falls on the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (for the production of ammonia and methanol - a total of 156 TWh). The highest quota has the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (f...

Romania faces floods every 2-3 years, followed by human and animal losses, and large flooded agricultural areas. There are rivers such as Siret, Crisul Repede, Cri?ul Negru, Ialomita with non-rehabilitated areas that have systematically caused damages in the last decade. Based on the latest measurements, the real transport capacity of natural course in high flow conditions and flood risk was estimated. In recent years, after the massive floods recorded in 2005, 2008, 2012, and 2018, there have been uncontrolled de...

One of problems in terrain surveys in geology and archeology is sample obtaining. Among all possible complications are limits in sample volumes and masses, including possible toxicity or radioactivity and also the legal status of the samples. In his contribution, these problems are addressed by application of microsampling by surface exfoliation of geological objects and archaeologic artifacts using various tapes and subsequent analyses of the resulting samples. Among method used were both optical and electron mic...

RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is obtained from the highly combustible components of household and industrial waste. RDF is mainly used in European countries with a high standard for waste recycling, such as Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. A method for the synthesis of carbon materials and composites based on RDF, coal pitch, petroleum coke and others has been developed. Some of the used components of RDF are: cardboard, polyethylene and polypropylene. The first step in the synthesis process is oxidation, perform...

An important problem in solving inverse problems in seismology associated with determining the characteristics of a seismic source is obtaining a priori information about the propagation velocities of seismic waves. Along with such factors as the of external noise levels, the geometry of arrangement of the receivers, the parameters of the Earth model, etc., the degree of completeness of information about the velocity characteristics of the medium determines the accuracy of the inverse problem solution. It is espec...

The paper analyses in detail size of vertical deformation (settlement) for various loading states that may occur during construction and operation of Hydropower Plant (HPP) in Gabcikovo. During construction and operation of the HPP complicated loading states were applied onto sealing elements of underground tank and subsoil of the HPP foundation. Geotechnical calculations, a total of fourth load states modelled, taking into account significant changes in the stress state and deformation in the subsoil and on the s...

In Romania before 1990, over 600 hydro-power plants were built with dams and lateral dikes made of local materials. In order to be completed as soon as possible and with material savings, the protection screens were improperly executed. In many cases there is no continuous protection screen along the dam and in its vicinity, but only from place to place, intermittently. The same problem is with the lateral dikes of the lakes. In these conditions, at the hydroelectric power plant commissioning, the infiltration imm...

The aim of the work is to develop a technological condition for obtaining maltodextrin syrups from pea flour by its bioconversion with the thermostable alpha-amylase Liquozyme Supra 2.8 X. The liquefaction process of starch-containing raw materials is accompanied by high viscosity. To reduce the viscosity of the liquefied mash of pea flour and increase the yield of maltodextrin, a composition of an amylolytic enzyme preparation of alpha-amylase and a cellulolytic enzyme preparation Viscoferm from Novozymes (Denmar...

The nature of their work places intervention and rescue personnel at the top of professions that face a considerable number of occupational health and safety risks, which are sometimes unavoidable. Often, this occupational category does not face a single safety risk, but a complex combination of risk factors, including unpredictability of situations in which they are required to work. The growing issue of protecting emergency workers against occupational health and safety risks has been highlighted as a priority b...

Food biotechnology is one of the green and fast developing segment of the industry among the others dealing with renewable plant raw materials processing and new functional food production to improve human health in deteriorating environmental situation. Annually, the number of studies aimed at proving the prebiotic properties of certain substances or compositions is increased, which leads to a huge accumulation of scientific information. The divergence in techniques for prebiotic activity assessment cause the fac...

The use of indicator methods in oil and gas field geology allows us to obtain representative quantitative information about the direction and velocity of fluid movement in the studied formations, to assess the main filtration parameters and the presence of inter-reservoir flows, as well as reliable information about the technical condition of wells. The use of indicators (tracers) is based on the injection of water (or an aqueous solution of the reagent) labeled with a stable or radioactive indicator and subsequen...

It is well known that more than 80% of globally traded goods are conveyed by maritime means of transportation. The shipping activities cannot be performed without emitting harmful gases and particles. The Black Sea basin has a consistent shipping activity accompanied by air emissions. The said basin also complicates the pollution with hydrocarbons or litter point of view, air emissions placing an additional burden on the Black Sea basin environment. We assessed the quantity of the main harmful components of the em...