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Majority of world inhabitants are living in cities as well as many inhabitants in Latvia choose to move to cities to look for wellfare. Living in a city with a high density of buildings, cars, and factories, the risk of air pollution increases. Air pollution from the transport, industry, and energy sectors affect the health of the urban population. In cities, air is often contaminated with dust containing various chemical elements, including heavy metals, which, even in low concentrations, can be hazardous to huma...

Since the turn of the millennium, few scientific issues have become as popular in public discourse as climate change. Phenomena of climatological interest include the boundary layer of the atmosphere, circulation patterns, heat transfer (radiative, convective and latent), interactions between the atmosphere and oceans and the land surface, and the chemical and physical composition of the atmosphere. The main methods used by climatologists are analyzing observations and modeling the physical laws that govern climat...

In any activity, as well as in public services, employee motivation is a challenge. Seeing the importance of Human Resources in the growth and success of any organization, it is pushed to them to study leadership styles, which is used effective style to achieve the set goals and increase the effectiveness of the organization. Leadership has an impact on the company's success by aligning common goals of the organization and the individuals within it, this influence did empower individuals to take the necessary acti...

The paper presents results about a decreasing of a cooling demand in the selected office building where the night ventilation/pre-cooling of building construction is used. The energy saving is about 10 - 15% in comparison with operation of this Office building without using of night ventilation/pre-cooling of building constructions. Mechanical ventilation is used in this selected Office building and the airflow volume was calculated by using the technical standard STN EN 16798-1. These results we got by using ener...

The urban environment in which we live is an important part of the quality of life. The state of the environment affects the quality of life of the inhabitants of settlements. However, the issue of environmental quality of life is not trivial. In urban areas, the average annual air temperature has been increasing for a long time. Due to the city's heat island, the adverse effects of the ever-increasing incidence and duration of heat and extreme temperatures in the city are amplified. The availability of greenery, ...

Following the international procedures, aviation professionals are required to prove very high psychological and physical standards. There are plenty of factors which might affect a performance of aviation employees. A working environment of aviation personnel is constantly changing, and this variability of their tasks escalates a lot of stress, which further affect safety and quality of flights. There are a lot of stress relieving techniques exercised by pilots, prior they take off. Some of them are selfregulator...

Nitrous oxide N2O is one of the major contributors to global warming and ozone depletion in the stratosphere. Management of agricultural soils is the largest source of N2O emissions in agricultural sector, therefore simultaneous and accurate measurement of N2O concentration is necessary. Nitrous oxide emission is formed within nitrification and denitrification processes in agricultural soils. The agricultural sector is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions in Latvia as it accounted for 24.6 % of t...

Climatic conditions have significantly changed over the last decades. In the middle latitude, the annual precipitation total does not change significantly, but precipitation is unevenly distributed throughout the year. The aim of the research is to investigate the effects of climatic conditions on the dendrological changes of the Royal walnut (Juglans Regia L. var. Chandler) in the period from July to November 2020 in the conditions of the middle latitude of southern Slovakia. This area is characterized by intensi...

One of the main obstacles in the agribusiness sector is the lack of interest in the field. Indeed, given the laborious working conditions, it has become increasingly challenging to attract the interest of workers into agriculture. In spite of the fact that the agribusiness sector offers products that meet the basic needs of the population, and therefore plays a pivotal socio-economic role in many regions around the world, the sector faces difficult working conditions, which is an extremely important socio-economic...

The environment is a major source of life that must be protected and treated, even though it is exposed to high inequality in different countries. The risk against the nature posed by pollution and global warming have brought about the need of safeguarding the environment in various forms. Today, many international organizations have developed different strategies for protecting the environment. Kosovo as a country in transition, that faces with many factors of environmental pollution. In this situation, the banki...

The worldwide exponential increase of vehicles in operation generates, in addition to meeting transport needs, serious problems with environmental pollution. Vehicle pollution means not only pollution with exhaust emissions, but also tire pollution. Microparticles resulting from the interaction between tire and driveway or waste tires have a negative impact on the environment, regarding air, water and soil pollution. Solutions to reduce this type of pollution are not only the subsequent treatment or reuse of waste...

The Czech Republic can be characterized by saying that all its rivers originate in it and none flows in. The quality of water is thus directly determined by the attitude of the country?s inhabitants towards the environment and by the water management policies of the state. Most European countries are dealing with the possibilities of water retention in the landscape, especially the establishment of ponds and the construction of dams. The limiting factor for the creation of an artificial water surface is the morpho...

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) signature in European summertime surface air temperature (SAT) and sea level pressure (SLP) fields were investigated in this study. The SAT and SLP anomalies of the surface fields over the European region associated with the IOD variability are described based on the results of experiments with atmospheric general circulation model and re-analysis data. It is shown that the prevalent positive significant SAT/SLP anomaly tends to form over Central/Eastern Europe in the negative phase o...

This study aims to assess the influence of anthropogenic chemical factors on the formation of comorbid conditions associated with pancreatic pathology under combined gene polymorphism. The urgency of the problem lies in the disruption of the ecological balance and pathological adaptation of the organism to an excessive level of ecological anthropogenic factors due to compensatory negative shifts in genetic homeostasis. The real-time polymerase chain reaction with allelic discrimination was used to study the polymo...

One of the greatest challenges in restoring the urban landscapes consists in getting data as accurate as possible on the historically evolving landscape. This case study of the historical ensemble of Ciacova, Timi? County in Romania, presents the methods for interpreting data from particular historical and archaeological research that contributed to establishing the principles for the restoration of the ensemble. On the one hand, the research provides the necessary data for the restoration process, on the other ha...

Currently in the field of BIM design, the Czech Republic is in many ways behind compared to other countries. In countries in which this method is long established, it makes a significant contribution to improving the economic and environmental efficiency of buildings in all life cycles of construction. The BIM method can save construction costs and conserve the environment, by appropriate design of technical and technological equipment, as early as the preliminary stage of a project, but also when building is carr...

The problem relevance investigated in the article is due to several reasons. First, in recent decades, the world has seen such cities rapid growth that researchers have started talking about the "urban revolution." According to the UN Commission, 56% of the world's population already live in cities in 2019 [12], i.e. more than the world's population half, and this process is accelerating more and more. Megapolises are growing especially fast [2]. Secondly, cities with one million population are faced with serious ...

Mons Rumker, located in the northern part of the near side of the moon, was chosen as the landing site for the future Chinese mission Chang'e-5. The launch of the mission is planned for the end of 2020. This will be the first Chinese mission in which it is planned to return to Earth and deliver samples of lunar soil. The probe will consist of two parts: orbital and landing modules. The landing module will be equipped with a drilling rig capable of taking soil samples from a depth of up to 2 meters. In this paper, ...

Monumental trees are characterized by extraordinary dimensions, long life, fantastic visual effects, and a socio-cultural values in the context of local history, folklore and mystical believes of the people living around. Taxus baccata L., commonly known as yew, English yew or, European yew, is an evergreen tree or shrub and it is considered to be one of the most distinguished monumental trees identified in the world. In this study were determined and recorded the monumental common yew trees distributed in the cen...

The main difficulties nowadays in Bulgaria in agricultural land governance, land administration and land management stem from weaknesses in the legal framework. To this can be added the historically accumulated lack of interest in land stewardship and the inherited soil degradation processes. Nowadays chaotic land use does not provide territorial conditions for taking advantage of modern agricultural technologies. The socio-economic development requires complicated interaction between the private, state, municipal...

Cannabis consumption in Romania has increased significantly recently. Due to the fact that consumption is forbidden, consumers try to grow the plant themselves, in makeshift greenhouses. Cannabis is the most consumed drug in Romania, both in the general population and in the school population. Cannabis also remains the most widely seized drug nationally. Police discover at least once a month, illegal productions in apartments and confiscate hundreds of kilograms of cannabis. Only about a third of 16-year-old adole...

One of the main processes of functioning of digital measuring systems is image analysis. For photogrammetric systems, such tasks involve searching, counting the number of objects of a given type, followed by determining their geometric characteristics. The main problem that impedes the direct application of methods is the provision of a given level of measurement error. Methods, depending on their specific combinations and input parameters, can give different results. This is due both to the quality of the image i...

BelAZ-7540 quarry dump trucks are widely used in the development of placer deposits in the Arctic zone of Russia. The efficiency of the mining enterprise depends by their reliability. As practice shows, the operation of mining machines in the Arctic North has specific features, which are a large distance from industrial and energy centers, the lack of year-round road connections, low climatic temperatures and seasonal character of mining. The operational reliability of BelAZ-7540 quarry trucks is not sufficiently ...

The gradual deepening of deposits development and long-term exploitation of open geotechnology elements, buildings and the industrial site facilities (control objects) of large mining enterprises result in paying considerable attention to the creation of integrated monitoring systems to control their stability (hereinafter referred to as the System). The article presents the basic principles of organizing the System using the example of Kovdorsky GOK JSC. The formation of the Zhelezny main open pit to a depth of 8...

Information modeling of structures with ?Building Information Modelling? name and abbreviation ? BIM technology, which originally appeared in construction industry, is currently spreading to other areas, where documentation of objects requires their information support. An example is the historic buildings of European countries, which were built in the distant past and today do not meet modern standards, but require maintenance, restoration, operation. This led to the creation of the historical or Heritage BIM (HB...

The use of renewable energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels is increasingly present worldwide. In this context, Romania has committed to increasing the share of solar energy at the national level. This is in line with the European Union's concerns about energy efficiency. The lowland and low hills of the southern and south-eastern parts of the country are the most suitable for such an approach. So is the south part of Prahova county, mainly in the plain unit, which occupies the southern third. Prahova Co...

The paper presents the results of geomechanical research of the state of mine workings located in the bearing pressure zone at a rockburst hazardous deposit. The aim of the research is substantiation of the measures to protect the mine workings from the impact of high tectonic stresses. The stress-strain state calculations were carried out by the finite element method in volumetric setting. Numerical models have been developed on the basis of in-situ measurements data of stress field parameters. The stress-relief ...

Liquid industrial wastes from the production of calcium chloride represent CaCl2 solutions with different impurities, most notably ferric ion (III). This article analyses sparingly soluble iron (III) compounds removal from CaCl2 via electroflotation. We determined the optimal pH value for sparingly soluble iron compounds removal from CaCl2 via electroflotation followed by filtration. The iron compounds removal in a most complete manner was found at ?? 6 - 7. Polyelectrolyte (flocculating agents) and surfactants we...

The Yamal Peninsula is one of the most important strategic oil and gas-bearing regions of Russia. Active development of the Far North territories threatens to have negative consequences for the delicate balance of Northern ecosystems, therefore their monitoring and comprehensive research are particularly relevant. In 2012-2013 during the expeditions on the Yamal, Yavay and Gyda peninsulas bottom sediments of the Unnamed lake (57.5 cm; 1300 cal yr BP), located in the catchment area of the Pyasedayakha river, were s...

The chemical composition of 122 samples of snow cover (collected during 2018-2020) was measured for the representative points of the Almaty agglomeration (AA). Mean values of acidity show the absence of large-scale processes of acidification of snowfall over the study area. The analysis of the temporal variations of these parameters indicates their relative stability. The high values of suspended solids are characteristic of the mountainous territory, the Almaty city, including in the area of large highways. The c...

In modern society, in most areas of activity, information technologies are actively being introduced, which has been facilitated by their powerful development over the past decades. The development of the technical equipment of the modern army, the increasing preponderance towards information wars, led to the fact that the defense sphere was no exception. Most of the important information technologies used by the military are based on means of processing digital information about the terrain and methods for collec...

With the development of space and information technology, emergency monitoring using satellite data is gaining tremendous relevance. If we take into account the area of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2.7 million km2), there is an urgent need to create a unified space monitoring system for the most priority natural and man-made disasters. This article discusses the space monitoring system, its composition and functional diagram of the basic elements of the system and remote access services to the resources and results...

The paper presents the synthesis of the results of the research obtained in the development of the infrastructure for evaluating the safety of explosives for civil use in terms of friction sensitivity, using a modern BAM Friction Apparatus test equipment, FSKM-10 characterized by a high degree of technology, in order to determine the friction sensitivity of civil use explosives (assuring loads from 0.1 N to 360 N), being of the last generation and capable of meeting, at the highest level and in terms of economic e...

Higher education in Kosovo is considered a public service, regardless of whether the institution is a state- or privately-owned facility. As such, regardless of the country?s stage of development, it faces a constant challenge, namely to ensure a quality education system. Quality assurance in higher education in Kosovo is characterized by problems and difficulties related to the low level of recognition and low interest of relevant institutions for internal quality mechanisms, as well as the lack of external contr...

The identification of the landslide preparation and development mechanisms is the key to the sustainable development of landslide and landslide-prone urban and mining areas. The understanding of the landslide preparation mechanism is necessary for landslide hazard and risk assessments and designing proper protection measures and monitoring. A new equation for calculation of a slip surface depth (of a landslide basis) was obtained, using slope morphological and soil strength parameters. A new elaborated approach fo...

The article examines the relationship between the tasks facing geologists and the General state of the economy of the USSR and modern Russia. Since the end of the 19th century, geology has moved away from purely historical research of the Earth and is increasingly focused on the search and exploration of minerals and on merging with the mining industry. Given that the territory of the USSR and modern Russia has almost all types of minerals, it is most profitable to use the resources located on its own territory. H...

The paper considers the structural and tectonic position of the mineralisation in the case of the Achisai ore district. Formation of lead and zinc ores at the Achisai deposit was conditioned by regeneration of stratified ore clusters as a result of tectonic or tectonic-magmatic activation. Therefore, the structural-tectonic control of mineralisation of the Achisai type is one of the cardinal ones, along with the lithologic-stratigraphic one. The lead and zinc mineralisation is confined to side parts of synclines, ...

Regulatory documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of substantiating the stability of slopes of pit edges are currently at variance with world practice in the design and operation of open-pit deposits. Modern design methods involve the creation of a three-dimensional complex geomechanical model of the field. Such a model contains information on the geological and structural composition that describes the disturbance of the solid mass by folds, tectonic faults, and jointing. It is important to accurate...

The precise point positioning (PPP) method is a relatively young method of GNSS observations processing but it is already quite widespread in many cases. However, the processing of observations with this method using specialized software requires some experience and competencies. The advent of web services for processing the results of observations using the PPP method significantly simplified this task. This circumstance is especially important for workers in the cadastral sphere, and makes it possible to simplif...

The most emerging technologies for climate change mitigation are Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS). Some countries have been developing CCS and CCUS projects and they are at different stages of deployment at the moment. Despite signing of the international agreements on climate change mitigation, Russia does not provide development of CCS technologies and their deployment. Considering long-term development of such technologies, its major objective is to increase publi...

Analysis of social networks is one of the promising areas of research. In addition to the development of a mathematical apparatus that allows processing the extracted data, it is of interest to identify new characteristics of user interaction. In the case of researching social networks, one of the important problems is the definition of a digital portrait of a user based on the consolidation and preliminary processing of open data from his profiles. To solve this problem, the authors previously proposed a model fo...

The article considers theoretical basis for determining cost-effective methods of increasing the supply of oil. Describe the major characteristics of social production, improvement of production organization, the most important factors of production for the oil industry. We discuss the main characteristics of the deposits, the volume of oil reserves, its quality and costs to receive it. The growth of oil production provides indicators of technical and economic efficiency for the fields and measures to increase oil...

Rare metal deposits, spatially and genetically associated with leucocratic and alaskite granites of the Permian age, are confined to their dome parts and apophyses. According to researchers, the formation temperatures of granitoid intrusions are determined within 890-7500C. The actual data indicate that the formation of these deposits is greatlyinfluenced by conductive heat flow from the cooling ore-bearing intrusive massif,leading to redistribution of temperatures in the near-intrusive space, resulting inemergenc...

The aim of the research is to develop multicomponent organic fertilizers based on nanostructured diatomite using organic waste and raw materials processing products, to study the indicators of agrophytocenoses and field crop yields. The paper uses the results of research on the development of multicomponent organic fertilizers, as well as their effectiveness in the experimental field of the Samara state agrarian UNIVERSITY in 2017-2019. (southern forest-steppe of the Volga region). One of the types of multicompone...

The use of geo-information technologies is the main distinctive feature of modern economy. Currently, the level of privatization of domestic agriculture is of serious concern. Effective agricultural production is based on information on exact areas of fields which are under agricultural crops and negative erosion processes. The cartographic material, which is usually used for organizing agricultural production, loses its relevance over time, the reason for this is the growth of a gully-beam network, closed waterlo...

Both surface but especially underground rescue activities in industrial environments presenting risk of explosive / flammable or toxic gases, are difficult because of major risk of fires or explosions in a very short time. Dense smoke can make rescue work even more difficult and time becomes an extremely important factor, especially when workers are caught in the affected area and it is assumed that they could be alive. The technological development of last years has allowed the miniaturization of equipment and oc...

This work focuses on the use of projective geometry methods to determine star positions produced on the basis of positional observations. As is known, projective geometry studies invariant projective transformations. The main feature of projective geometry is the principle of duality, which adds elegant symmetry to many designs. While the properties of the figures that Euclidean geometry deals with are metric, but there are figures that can be converted into one another by movement while maintaining the metric pro...

As a result of increasing concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, surface water chemical pollution and eutrophication is a problem of raising concern worldwide. Chemical quality of surface water gives an impression about different geochemical, geological, hydrological and biological processes, as well as intensity of anthropogenic load in river catchment area. The total length of Svete River is 123 kilometres, of which 75 kilometres are in the territory of Latvia. Main part of river?s drainage basin...

The structure of the Romanian Western Black Sea shelf has been studied before 1970 and described in publications that serve today as an important point of reference in the structural geology and geotectonic studies. After the year 2005, a new set of gravimetric data has been acquired by the Romanian National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology, that has been obtained by compiling over 13.400 km of profile measurements on the Romanian and Bulgarian offshore. By combining this newer data with an analysis on t...

The quality and safety of constructions are fundamental requirements that must be ensured starting with the elaboration of the feasibility study until the post-use stage of construction and they are major concerns both of those who contribute to their realization, and of the beneficiaries or users. Due to the advantages of metal constructions, the elements from metal structure are used as structural elements of the construction, they can be used in a wide range of constructions and also, they can be parts for anot...