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This article presents an analysis based on the research conducted by the authors in the rural area targeting the preferences for a certain type of investments depending on local conditions and value system. How manufacturers decide on the type of crops, endowment degree of fermentation is determined by the potential opportunities identified and estimated in a subjective manner, often under an archaic system of values. The consequences of such decisions are found in the reduced production, insufficient needs and th...

Mathematical modeling of river flow formation processes is the basic research and engineering tool for modern hydrology. Despite a number of undoubted successes in modeling and a fairly wide introduction of models into practice, a number of problems remain that point to the fundamental difficulties of traditional approaches to the problem. The most important among such tasks are: assessment of the regime of extreme hydrological events, primarily floods; Use of hydrological models on unexplored basins; Perspective ...

Digitization and publication of old globes on the Internet allows the public a detailed inspection of globes that are normally encountered only in a limited way. In the collections of memory institutions two forms of globes can be found. In the first case there are the classic spherical globes placed in decorative stands. In the second case the globes are stored as a set of globe prints. Such globe prints usually consist of a series of globe gores and two polar caps. This paper deals with the issue of creating dig...

The article presents practical problems related to mines liquidation. This process is the last stage of mining activity. As a result the reduce of negative environmental impact should be obtained. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the complexity of this investment process. The last mentioned is not limited to environmental problems and also applies to the economic and legal issues. There is no doubt that the activity of extracting minerals from deposits is a source of a whole series of adverse environmental ...

The change in the composition and structure of the formation of demand for factors of production depends on the growth or decline in the economic efficiency of the sale of goods, work, services or from the successful achievement of socio-economic goals. In the first case, replacing some of the resources employed in the production cycles allows the economic entity to get an extra financial effect in the form of profit, and to the state in the form of tax payments. In the second case, the economic effect cannot occu...

Environment Protection is becoming part of the international and national legislation on human rights. The link between the environment protection and human right is the focus of such paper. Alongside, the paper will raise also the question of environment protection as dispensable mean for the protection of one fundamental right such as the right to life. Indeed, the debate about the relationship between the environment protection and human right at international level is going on for more than forty years. Moreov...

The research paper deals with the issues involved in regulating cooperation between the EU and CIS in their space programs. The environmental factor in exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes has become extremely urgent in the light of intensified exploration. Analysis of the international legal regulation of the use and protection of outer space was therefore carried out with specific emphasis on the environmental factors. While many agreements containing no clearly expressed conservation nature ...

In 2007, we celebrate one decade from the institution, in Romania, of protected natural area as sites of community importance, integrant part of the European Ecologic Network Natura 2000. Along these 10 years, we may observe progress in the management and extension of protected areas and implicitly of the Natura 2000Network in Romania, but also a series of impediments and difficulties in the application of this procedure. In this paperwork, we attempt to analyze the evolution of development and management of the S...

Maps are the fundamental documents supporting the process of crisis management. It is important that the events formed on them were presented in the most credible and legible way. Legible, meaning that they should depict credible spatial information on the basis of presented spatial data. Only such formulation guarantees aid of the highest quality and organisation of actions during crisis situations. They also constitute extremely valuable content showing spatial location of the threats which have already occurred...

With the development of space technologies, satellite information and data from ground geophysical observatories are increasingly being used in scientific studies of various physical processes and, in particular, to identify effects in geophysical fields during periods of seismic activity. In this paper, we recommend to create the geographic information system (GIS) based on modern computer software for collection, processing, visualization and analysis of experimental geophysical terrestrial and satellite data du...

Dendrological inventory and tree management of the academic campus of the University of Warmia ans Mazury in Olsztyn was prepared in 2008. Analysis covers the area of the oldest part of the campus, named Kortowo I (53,5 hectares). During the study, 7676 dendrological objects were inventoried. Documentation was made in the standard that was current for that time, and now all data has been entered into the GIS system. This form of data recording has expanded the possibilities of processing data sets and visualizing ...

The present paper aims to present the possibilities for creating a geographical information system in order to facilitate monitoring of the territory, by real-time analysis and providing local administrative information of interest, as well as for efficiently monitoring the achievement of the objectives of sustainable development in Zlatna locality. Zlatna area has a natural and antrophic capital insufficiently appreciated, promoted and exploited due to the lack of a uniform and efficient approach of all existing ...

Historic parks are an important element of Poland's cultural landscape. Unfortunately many of these entities require urgent conservation intervention. The research presents the possibility of using GIS tools in the process of restoration the facilities. For the analysis were selected parks in Olsztyn, Mortegi, Boze and Patryki. In the article are described selected features of GIS tools that improve the preparing process of restoration projects and limits occured during using this type of software. Restoration of ...

Responsible and successful environmental management is necessary for protecting and restoring the natural environment. The interdependency of the earthпїЅs ecosystems and the human impact on the environment present complex challenges to governments and businesses as well as scientists and environmentalists in every discipline. Environmental contamination due to mining in South Africa gradually draws consideration from decision makers and local residents. Ecological awareness within the mining companies also rises ...

GIS-Based Local Geomorphological Constraints Assessment (A Case Study: Cluj- Napoca Municipality, Romania). This paper deals with the implications of geomorphological constraints on urban sprawl specific to the new residential suburbs of Cluj-Napoca Municipality (Romania). In many cases, the development and the territorial evolution of the urban residential units are conditioned or restricted by the different landforms and slope processes (e.g. landslides). Cluj-Napoca Municipality area has experienced during rece...

Article describes the problematics of GNSS systems (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) and its use for creating an approach procedure for airport Nitra JanпїЅkovce. Paper is divided into four parts. First chapter devotes itself to general description of GNSS systems, specifically their history and technical characteristics of three the most widely known satellite navigation systems, including GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO, addicting also to the systems that make GNSS signal of these navigation systems more precise. T...

Homogenization and geometric accuracy improvement of the heterogeneous geospatial data is possible by means of application of the adaptive transformation model and transformation model based on the radial basis functions. This can be achieved if the transformation models are based on a sufficient number of the adequate identical points that contain reliable information on the non-uniform and irregularly distributed positional distortions. Accuracy of the transformation final results depends on the choice of the tr...

INSPIRE directive describes how infrastructure for spatial information in European community should be developed. The directive provides standard (implementing rules) for European Union member statesпїЅ spatial data to ensure that spatial data is compatible in trans-boundary context. The directive covers 34 themes in 3 annexes, including such themes as: Agricultural and aquaculture facilities, Energy Resources, Environmental monitoring Facilities, Mineral Resources, Production and industrial facilities, Sea region...

The current article presents two map projections used in Romania mainly for military purposes, namely Lambert-Cholesky (from 1917 to 1931) and Gauss-KrпїЅger (from 1955 to 1971). After a brief description of their individual characteristics and particularities of application in our country, a comparison of the distortions produced by both projections was presented in order to emphasise their various advantages. The accuracy of relief representation using contour lines on maps drawn to scales of 1:20,000 and 1:25,0...

In recent years one may observe a rapidly growing demand for spatial information used in the decision-making processes concerning the functioning of States and the quality of citizensпїЅ life. The number of institutions that record data as well as the quantity of information also constantly keeps growing. Official databases containing spatial information are created and run in Poland and the Topographic objects database (BDOT10k) is one of the basic databases covering an area of the whole country. An essential com...

Protected areas have been created to limit or remove the man and nature harmful intervention on the existing flora and fauna. The research work has been focused on a protected area from Dobrogea, where there is an acute need for intervention, in order to save the existing rare species of plants. A permanent monitoring of the evolution of these species and other floral species must be done permanently, to see the effect of invasive species on rare ones. Effective monitoring of the studied area has been carried out ...

There are summarized findings from research-and-development (R&D) study of environmental communication (EC) development in Liepaja town municipality, based on case studies research methodics following applications during 2006пїЅ2015, and, summarizing, all stakeholders semi-structured interviews conducted in 2016. Liepaja is one of the most active pro-environmentally oriented municipalities in Latvia, where the complete collaboration communication model approach of all four EC complementary instruments has been int...

Network methods were used for the first time to plan and control maintenance works on a chemical apparatus installation in the United States in 1956. These were simple methods improving project management. The development of the network structures would not have been possible without the technological progress which has been taking place over the last half a century. Complicated networks can be programmed during a short period of time thanks to high computing power. Network models can be currently used for the sim...

The relief, as genetic factor and пїЅsupportпїЅ on which the grassland areas are engrafted on, may be equally considered the major decisive element for vegetationпїЅs type, aspect and consistency, through altitude, slope and orientation. This study will highlight the influence exerted on grassland areas by relief factors, in mountain and sub-mountain regions, and subsequently it will determine the differentiated landscaping пїЅnormsпїЅ in concordance with the singularity of each analyzed sector. The grassland asse...

This study focused on developing a multilevel system of spatial analysis of different types of data to model forest cover. We built a map of forest growth conditions using field data, climatic and morphometric parameters. Landsat images were classified with the help of a forest inventory and field database in order to map of current forest cover. Using Knowledge Engineer Module (ERDAS Imagine), we developed a knowledge base intended for modeling forest regeneration series from a spatial combination of the maps of ...

The paper deals with the topics related to the construction of buildings and facilities in the selected mining areas and protected areas of mineral deposits which purpose both relates or does not relate to the mining activities. Buildings and facilities are within the territory of the Slovak Republic. The initial part of the article will briefly describe the issues connected with building industry challenges in such areas but the major objective is the analysis of opportunities for construction of similar faciliti...

With a cultivated area of over 2x108ha, wheat is the largest crop worldwide by cultivated surface. For wheat crops, the production suffers loss caused by weeds, and depending on the weeding level, the fertilization level can surpass 50% (1). Weed management is just one of the technological components present in any crop technology. Given the biological particularities, wheat crop is mainly weeded with dicotyledonous species. The objective of this paper is the comparative evaluation of the classic method for determ...

This paper reviews the main transborder issues on the territory of Commonwealth of Independent States (former USSR) of principally associated with natural and human induced hazards involving waste contamination from extractive industries. The Soviet Union included 15 states that had unified political and economic system. In 1991, after the collapse of the USSR, on the territory of the previously united country, were formed 15 independent states, respectively new boundaries were shaped, and existing environmental p...

The management of construction waste it is at an early stage in urban areas and lacking in rural areas where this fraction is frequently uncontrolled disposed on public lands. Despite the fact some items of construction waste are considered inert for the environment (soil, concrete) it also contains hazardous items (paint additives, cans, and containers) or recyclables (plastics, metals, wood). Potential recovery of this waste stream is high if it is properly managed. The paper estimates the potential amounts of w...

The land cover changes of the area result from both nature-induced activities that are sometimes indirectly caused by human influence, and direct human-induced activities such as land use change, deforestation, city expansions, and other. Therefore, the land cover change can indicate climate changes of the geographic area as well as the change of the socio-economic factors. This study aims at analyzing the land cover change over the territory of the Republic of Croatia from 1990 onwards. The study is based on CORI...

Transylvania is one of the historical provinces of Romania, located within the central part of the country. This region is characterised by a marked ethnic, linguistic, cultural and religious diversity. The main ethnic groups forming the population of Transylvania are Romanians, Hungarians, Roma, Saxons, Swabians, Armenians, Jews and Ukrainians. Over time, the structure of TransylvaniaпїЅs population varied significantly in terms of ethnicity due to its political and economic conditions. The evolution in populatio...

Around one quarter of the Romanian territory is covered with forests but the surface has been decreasing steadily due to increased legal and illegal logging and reduced efforts towards reforestation. This led to economic problems and uncertainties about the current stock and location of the Romanian forests. Very few empirical studies have been undertaken regarding this topic especially at the local level. Using data from 41 Romanian counties between 1995 and 2015, our paper aims to find the relationship between t...

The aim this paper is to demonstrate the disadvantages, causes by destroying defenses dams in the Danube meadow in the area Ostroveni пїЅ Corabia and to present the advantages of the ecosystems resettlement and natural baseline processes. In other words to demonstrate the need for renaturation, combined with modern methods of flood management risk, such as creating flood controlled enclosure. To achieve the goal of this paper have been created maps using ArcMap10.1 program. With their help it could conclude that t...

Existing EU standards for environmental protection are strictest in the world. Environmental policy helps to create a green economy, protect the environment, and take care of the health and quality of life of the people of the EU. The nature and content of environmental policy at the EU level was analyzed and the main requirements and trends in its development are specified. The analysis covered trends and potential areas for improvement of environmental policy and also the system of principles required to build t...

In this publication were presented the methods of designing the natural cultural skeleton areal structure of a set of certain landscape elements. The methods are based on extrapolation the statements of island biogeography conception to the field of conservation planning of the territory. The sites of wetlands located on the areas of пїЅwild natureпїЅ were taken in the capacity of areal elements. The methods suggest the formation of an optimal protective zone around every wetland. The size of the protective zone c...

In urban environment the local areas or neighborhoods are multidimensional phenomenon consisting of social, physical, political and economic aspects. The main goal of the neighborhood development is to create conditions for sustainable socio - economic and spatial policy implementation within the city administrative territory as well as to improve urban development planning and the quality of life. Population satisfaction with local public services such as open space is an important factor of sustainable spatial d...

The paper presents research conducted in the city of Tyumen as a large Siberian industrial center to understand the factors of quality of the social space development. The development of Russian cities is carried out, chaotically, but not systematically. The main tools for the development of urban spaces are territorial planning, urban policy, where the social factor plays a non-primary role. It was shown that urban space should meet the needs of residents, not only from the point of view of infrastructure and hou...

According to the existing Directive 2002/49/WE the task of identification and forecasting of noise pollution in the urban environment are carried through acoustic maps technology. The parameters designated in acoustic maps are limited to the quantitative size of evaluation of the environment exposed to the effects of noise sources, e.g. LAeq, LDEN, Lnight. The determined values of these parameters are fundamental to the decision пїЅ making process in the terms of noise reduction. The results of undertaken research...

Brief introduction on the use of GNSS technology in various fields of activity (We open with an introduction regarding the use of terrestrial laser scanning technology in various fields of activity and its use in the study of soil erosion. Next we present the use of geographical information systems (GIS) in our country and their use in various fields, including the study of soil erosion. The use of GIS in the study of soil erosion and the creation of databases with the areas where the phenomenon can be found leads...

Nowadays, there are plenty of High Tatras maps interested in the problematic of toponym. They contain more or less detailed nomenclature of High Tatras, but lots of this maps are incomplete or they lack Polish or Slovak part of High Tatras. One of the biggest problems in each toponymal map is incomplicity and missing complexity of data. The second biggest problem is the huge amount of data in relatively small area. The paper aims with the creation of compact toponymal map of High Tatras, not only for the area of S...

The fast pace at which decisions are made today, demand near-instant visibility for all the assets. In such a demanding environment, the management of a campus that hosts over 4000 students every year, in the most crowded city of Romania, is by all means a challenge. The emerging of the UAV technology provides insight into facility management, assuring asset inventories, spatial context and strategy for further investments and activities. The workflow described in this paper starts with acquiring data in the field...

A cadastre is an official information system that collects subject (ownership) and object (land, buildings) information that represent real world phenomena. Data sets concerning objects are created on the basis of measurement data which are susceptible to uncertainty, which canпїЅt be ignored. The paper presents the results of analysis of the uncertainty of parcel area determination, for which the vertexes coordinates are determined using RTN GNSS measurements and orthophoto. The influence of two factors on the ac...

Modern remote sensing techniques пїЅ passive and active - undergo considerable development in terms of spectral, temporal and geometric resolution of observations. The more and more sophisticated satellite observing systems are involved first in defence and geospatial intelligence tasks. Nevertheless apart from strictly military applications they can be exploited as пїЅdual-useпїЅ systems for civilian applications as well. The idea of this paper is to demonstrate, based on the literature review, how far high resol...

In this paper we want to highlight the advantages of creating and using forms for collecting data regarding the main changes in an urban environment, including cadastral and utilities data. These forms can be accessed from mobile devices and the reported results are analyzed in a desktop application. The users are able to send their location linked with attribute data. This approach can be used successfully in a working team or can be disseminated for interested community members, as a crowdsource possibility. Cro...

Variable rate application (VRA) of mineral nitrogen fertilizers (NF) represents one of the parts of the new farming practice пїЅ precision agriculture. VRA has been developed to address the spatial variability of fields and vegetation. The objective of this study was to assess the potential effect of VRA of NF on qualitative parameters of grain and grain yield in real farm conditions. Assessment of the potential effect of VAR of NF application was performed in Spearhead Czech Company which has been using VAR techn...

Various types of spatial data can be used in different parts of crisis management. We concentrate on support for evacuations. Analyses of the current situation show, that cartographic visualization can be used in different phases of an evacuation. We test the potential of open data in this paper. They can be used without legislative restrictions and for free. We choose the region around nuclear power plant Dukovany (Czech Republic) for the pilot study. Handbook for public in the case of radiation accident already ...

GIS Web Applications are very useful when it is needed to highlight important changes in time in a specific area. ArcGIS Online and Portal for ArcGIS include an embedded interactive application for designing and building web applications from a web map. The application works on desktop browsers, tablets, and smart phones without needing a plugin. WebAppBuilder has a lot of customizable themes and widgets that allow to deliver advanced functionality, such as high-quality printing, geoprocessing, editing, and search...

Since 1999 the application of GIS in Kosovo ha s provided valuable results. All of this research was based on contemporary methodol ogy on space research with GIS. In this case, within the inventory of the flora of Kosovo, is explored Common oak (Quercus robur L.), taking into account its biological aspect and modern methods of research with GIS. GIS has enabled the analysis of sea le vel height with the help of Digital relief model (Digital Elevation Model-DEM), expositi on, angle of fall and the correlation of n...

Tourism has vital importance for Turkish eco nomy as in other countries. Province of Antalya is one the most lively cities in Turkey in the context of tourism. Historical and cultural heritages must be officially registered and prevented from destructive effects of time. In this study, Manavgat district of Anta lya has been chosen as application area. Historical data determined by the Museum of Side and data not in official records have been gathered by literatu re scanning. Officially unregistered data was coordi...

Tourist trails are of great importance for mountain tourism and in recent years their situation came to the fore again in Romania too. Is typical of today’s tourists that they want to know more and more data regarding their destination, they want to visualize in a virtual world their selected places. Theref ore, a self-made analysis software were designed with the aim to determine the foll owing parameters: tota l length, rising and descending length over a given limit, mi nimum and maximum height, maximum eleva...