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The method of seismic refraction is widely used in many applied Geology fields and problems today. Although it has some limitations, in the case of detecting a lower velocity bounded layer, this method is well tailored to a crystalline environments where, more often, weathering degree is highest on the surface and gradually decreases in depth and thus can aid in associating the weathering degree to velocity. Some relationships have been made to establish a connection between velocities and the elastic properties o...

For Geo-Science education it is very important not only know what it could be looked like and how it could be used but also can use it to differ one thing from another and etc. Geo-students should learn our planet by using different methods based on modern technologies. This paper is devoted to one of them that has high developed last time – the Earth Remote Sensing. There is successful experience of the Remote Sensing Centers creation at different Universities of Russia, Kazakhstan, Spain and other countries. R...

In this study, the water content of the base sediments and rocks under an abandoned small waste water dam in Selcuk University campus in Konya was monitored. This small dam was planned to construct for the beneficiation of the waste water of Selcuk University main campus. After usage of a few mouths, the dam was demolished by campus authorities due to its water leakage through its base sediments. The study presented here contains the work done to determine water localization in the base rocks in front of the dam. ...

Rock-Eval pyrolysis is an exceptionally reliable and effective method in analysis and evaluation of source rocks. The suitable core or cutting sample choices, consequence of processing and investigations are indispensable condition for successful scientific applications. This study demonstrates geochemical data of representative pyrolysed Permian, Triassic and Jurassic fine grained sediments from Central South Moesian Platform Margin. The quantity and quality of the organic matter in rocks are measured and calcula...

Groundwater is an important source of drinking water for many human communities, both urban and rural, their quality directly determining the health state of the population. At European level a great importance is given to water, the Water Framework Directive 60/200/EC establishing clear objectives through which all European waters (including groundwaters) should achieve a “good status” until 2015 and through which water should be used in a sustainable way throughout Europe. In this context, sanitary protectio...

Several soft-programs to reverse tomography data acquired on 2D panels, for transmitted seismic rays, were developed. The procedures are based on three concepts: graphic mediation of velocities (V) coupled with a system of correction factors to reconstruct the initial V distribution (Tomography Interactive Modeling-TIM), minimize velocities errors by applying matrix calculation (Matrix Calculus in Tomography -MCT) and graphic-analytical uncover of velocities from the periphery to the center of the examined panel (...

Anomaly separation plays an important role in mineral exploration. The fractal based method presented in this study provides an anomaly separation method which accomplishes anomaly separation in frequency domain. It is based on the Fourier transformation, which can be compared to a glass prism. The prism separates light into various components, each depending on its wavelength (or frequency) content. Fourier transform can be viewed as a "mathematical prism" that separates a function into various components based o...

Recent renewable energy sources utilization in the Slovak republic represents only 2.6 \% from the total primary energy sources consumption. 27\% of the Slovakian technically utilizable renewable energy sources potential is used, so there still remain enormous unused potential, which comprise 115 775 TJ per year. Technically utilizable Slovakian renewable sources potential is estimated, based on the existed analysis, at 112 636 TJ per year (or 136 421 TJ per year, if we consider hydroelectric power plants with the...

The clay fraction of saponite-rich samples from western Macedonia, Greece was used for the preparation of TiO2 –pillared saponite. Nanocomposites of titania saponite were prepared by solvothermal reaction using water and ethanol as the solvent, hexamethylene tetramine as the precipitant and titanium trichloride as the precursor. Phase composition, particle morphology, element content and physical properties were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron microscopy with Microanalysis (SEM-EDS...

This study focuses on the geochemical and mineralogical compounds of clay occurrences that had been interbedded low rank coals in Biga Peninsula, Turkey. The usages of these clay formations were also studied. Clay occurrences were formed and alternated along with Tertiary lignite seams in the peninsula where is one of the basic metallic and industrial mineral potential regions in Turkey. Chemical and mineralogical analyses were performed on thirteen clay samples from different lignite beds. The XRD analyses show t...

Kosovo is rich in coal resources / reserves. There are about 14 billion tones coal resources in Kosova. The coal in Kosova is used mainly in power (electricity) generation and less amount for heating. Kosovo coal is lignite type. Exploitation of coal is being donning in two open pits Bardh and Mirash. There is also a project for building of the new power plant (capacity 2000 MW). For this, supply of coal should be made by the new mine - Sibovci. The underground mining was abandoned in 1922. Now it is the surface m...

Kosovo has a varied geology that ranges in age from the Neo-Proterozoic to the Holocene. The geology is characterized by substantial structural features on a regional scale, including, normal faulting and thrusting. The area belongs to the External Vadar Zone (EVZ). The Volcanic complex Mitrovic\"e – Samadrexh\"e is dominated by Jurassic and Neogene volcanic rocks from several eruption centres, interlayered by metamorphic and sedimentary units. The survey area was determined in the adjacent area of the known Pb ...

Sb-mineralization had been exploited in many localities in Slovakia. Contamination of environment by Sb, As and other heavy metals is specific problem of Slovak mining regions. Three localities Poproc (in eastern part of Slovakia), Medzibrod and Dubrava (in The Low Tatras) are abandoned mining areas where the stibnite ores had been exploited for many years. These areas represent high potential environmental risk because of transport and accumulation of contamination in different parts of environment (waters, strea...

The historical Ibrahim Aga Mansion purchased by the Chamber of Architects of Aksaray and wished to be used as the service building for the chamber. In this study, the strengthening project before the restoration of the building was prepared. The building had no foundations under the stone walls and suffered from cracks and decaying of the wooden floors. Since the existing structural system did not allow restoration of the building, strengthening and redesign of the structural system was the main priority. In the r...

The subject of the paper is a landslide process near Sofia, which endangers the international railway traffic to Greece. Sliding arises out of a lack of measures for drainage. The intensive landslide process should be overcome in three stages: 1/ prompt measures for the active slide prevention combined with earthfill abutment with a retaining wall; 2/ building of drainage structures, and 3/ reinforcement of the earth bed under the railroad. The approach for getting the landslide processes under control is demonstr...

Students approaches to “mine engineering job” in Selcuk University, Mining Engineering Department is one of the study area to comprehend departmental educational target. This study was taken place by surveying the mining engineering students at Selcuk University. The survey covered first year (grade) students for their ideas and expectations in future. Second and third year students were surveyed for their lectures and difficulties they come across during their education. Fourth year students in the department...

As it is well-known, customer relationship management (CRM) has become an important topic for practitioners in recent years. Customer relationship management becomes an important key of how to manage relationships with customers effectively. A key component of many initiatives is the implementation of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) methods. In order to enhance customer relationships, the application of CRM methods are exploring in detail. By means of the application of CRM methods, university human resourc...

The web content grows annually by a geometric progression. Internet pages provide information not only through the markup language (X)HTML, which is used to create Web pages, but often in many different other formats and also web services. One task of this project is to make detail analysis of existing web services for obtaining the geographical coordinates of the given information and take advantage of them to extract spatial information from web pages. Positive results of this analysis in Czech information on th...

Lignite and other types of coal are formed as result of different chemical and biological transformations of ligneous and plant materials lacking oxygen. During the coal use for energy production , there are mineralogical remains in the form of ashes, which have different physical, chemical, mineralogical and morphological properties, which largely depend on the type of coal used, and technology in its combustion. This type of ashes is presented in thermal power plants in the form of dust or fly ash and inorganic ...

Terracing (Cordell and McCafferty, 1989, Philips, 1992) is an operator that is applied to potential field data to produce regions of constant field amplitude that are separated by sharp boundaries. Magnetic data is usually transformed into pseudogravity data (Baranov, 1957) prior to the application of terracing. The objective of terracing is ’to recast potential field maps into a geologic map like format’ (Cordell and McCafferty, 1989). Terracing is performed by moving a window through the data and computing t...

The calibration of the geodetic apparatus is nowadays viewed as common. It is recommended to test it as soon as the new apparatus has been purchased, as it is necessary to find out whether the apparatus meets the parameters declared by the manufacturer. It is also necessary to test it at regular intervals (during the period of two or three years), after it has been repaired, or if any deviation has been found during the process of surveying. The testing of geodetics apparatus are preceded in such a way they corres...

Standardisation and participation in the processes of developing standards are becoming increasingly important for the surveying profession. Application of standards is a very important part in the process for Quality Management (QM). A key role in developing standards has The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from almost 150 countries. However, in many cases the prescribed standards are not appropriate for practising professionals, so that th...

Most important factors that made them feeling tired or overloaded in underground, were heat factor and other microclimatic factors influencing working environment deterioration. Mine modernism made those influences become lower rapidly, however, increasing the mine depth, made underground microclimate conditions get worse, as a lack of the fresh air and continuous problems to increase the air content. Microclimatic parameters in the Trepca mine were considered, emphasising horizon 10th and their influence in heat ...

This paper presents the analysis of ground vibration parameters induced by blasting excavations realized at different sites located close to the residential areas. Within the scope of this study, in order to predict peak particle velocity and determine the slope of the attenuation curve for all sites and rock units, ground vibration components were measured for all blast events over a long period. During the study, while the parameters of scaled distance were recorded carefully, the ground vibration components wer...

Surface waves and related currents are analyzed to predict earthquakes. It is further known that earthquakes are associated with the emission of different types of electromagnetic waves. Since earthquakes axe so very powerful, the electromagnetic waves associated with them would also be quite powerful. Seismic electromagnetic phenomena may be useful for short-term prediction. Substantial effort over many years has led to considerable progress being made in the field of long-term prediction. Electromagnetic waves a...

The contribution briefly characterizes basic service oriented architecture principles as well as web service as its dominating implementation form. It emphasizes an importance of uniform thermochemical properties source and thermodynamics computations for mathematical models creation. For technological processes models that include models of heating, heat generation and chemical reactions models there are necessary thermochemical properties and thermodynamics computations as: specific heat capacity, heat of format...

A revaluation of the important of the climatic variations on the Earth in the last 120,000 years (Quaternary palaeoclimatological data) led us to render evident a special geodynamic moment around 40,000-39,000 years (ka) before present (BP). We have correlated this moment with a severe change of the precessional year duration caused by a modification of the rotational axis position under the influence of a cosmic body. We consider this cosmic event to be the capture of the Moon (by the Earth), former first planet ...

Today, the world is involved in a major experiment, which studies what happens when they are released into the atmosphere in greater quantities of carbon dioxide and other gases. The climate models developed by specialists in the field estimate that, the global climate will warm by 1, 1 – 6,400 C during this century. The main cause of the global warming is increasing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere in the last centuries. The gases behave like walls of a greenhouse, maintaining the solar energy in the ...

Knowing wind energy and its features can help programmers in using this clean, free and renewable energy. Iran is located in the west wind region, and the common wind direction is from north-west to south-west in Iran. But in some regions of Iran, due to special regional conditions as well as the synoptic factors of atmosphere, the wind direction is different from the common wind direction in Iran. The wind speed is also higher than the average speed of west winds. Based on the statistics from wind speed and direc...

In the current global crisis conditions any opportunity of extending the tourism market, attracting a new segment of tourists is welcome. The lake’s water stands as a crucial link that conditions a leads through its physicalchemical composition the lake’s biological life, the flora and fauna casting, their discomposure and transformation into mud quality important organic mater. The water’s level growth involves deep qualitative alterations, concerning the peloidogenesis phenomenon related species, and the w...

Until the year of 1996, there had been an intense air pollution beyond standards because of the use of fossil fuels such as coal and fuel oil especially in homes in the winter. With the start of the use of natural gas in Istanbul after 1996 there has been a decrase in the amount of air pollution. In this study, the measurement values of pre and post natural gas use in 10 different measurement stations conducted by ‘Istanbul Metropolitan Municapality, Environment Protection and Development Department, Environment...

The growth of tourism has prompted debate about environmental consequences and desirability of further development. The effects of mass tourism and increasing awareness of the human impact on the environment led more environmentally sensitive forms of tourism such as ecotourism and wildlife-based tourism. With this increasing awareness environmental concerns are explicitly included in sectoral policies and programmes concerning many areas including tourism, urban and rural development. One of the recent examples o...

Nowadays the problem of global climate change is on the agenda of various disciplines from natural sciences to social sciences, politics, law, security and etc. The subject is dealt with from many different viewpoints and argued with different dimensions like social, technical and global. However, the migration phenomenon, one of the consequences of global climate change is perhaps the most important issue to dwell upon. Because of the environmental pollution and natural disasters, the number of immigrant increase...

The estimation of important parameters at Choghart mine stockpile is accomplished by sampling specific parameters that allow detection of useful parts of the Low Grade stockpile. Huge amount of low grade broken rocks near the open pit can causes some environmental problem. Therefore, determination of dump parameters became important in this mine. In this research the estimation of Fe and P was fulfilled in low grade stockpile of Choghart. The Estimation of these two parameters (Fe \& P) can be used for mapping the...

The purpose of this study is the identification of financial cost of wastewater treatment technology/plant prior to discharge into river Lumbardh of Prizren municipality The identification of actual condition of the sewerage(Canal network) of the municipality of Prizren, calculation of the quantity and the quality of the waters of the (sewerage) before discharging it in the river Lumbardh, is the essence of this study. So that later it can be possible to plan the different locations for putting the equipment and t...

The investigation of the fluvial relief of the north-east side of Kosovo shows a particular scientific and practice interest, so our purpose is to give a circumstantial and full view of morphology and morphogenesis of this part during the evolution phases of its development. In the complex relief of this part, a very important part is the fluvial one, too, so, if we see it by its enlargement, it is ranged immediately after the structural relief, which is regarded to the fact that the fluvial morphogenesis phenomen...

The Bolboci hydrotechnical arrangement was achieved in 1988 on the upper course of Ialomita river, in the complicated geological and tectonic conditions of Bucegi massif from the Oriental Carpathians. This occupies the tectonic syncline of Bucegi which is situated between Cheile Tatarului and Cheile Zanoagei, at south, resulted from the background deformations of precadomian crystalline and the deposition blanket being made from the succession of Dogger, Malm and Albian. On the level of the litho-group of Malm-Dog...

Comprehensive atmospheric composition studies require multi-scale numerical experiments to be carried out, which to clarify to some extend different scale processes interaction, but also to further specify requirements for input data (emissions, boundary conditions, large scale forcing). Model interfaces from synoptic trough meso- to local scale have to be tailored. Shortly speaking, extensive sensitivity studies have to be carried out, tailoring the model set-up and parameters – a possible forerunner of single ...

Past to present, climate changes take place on every sections of the world during the history. This is an ordinary fact when these changes occur naturally, i.e. the natural climate changes are the necessity of our world’s natural behavior, and then the beings on the world are not affected artificially. However, in recent years, some human activities that increase the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere and cause global warming are the most effective factors playing great roles on changing...

Globalization makes world a small village. Information technologies are fostering the development interaction between nations, business and marketing centers. Instead of producing everything, trade companies are focusing their efforts to produce one thing as big brand. This tendency provides efficiency and effectiveness. To this end, trade companies try to categorize their customers or divide into customer segments. For example a medical company produces one medicine to capture all customers of a certain market. I...

The increasing number of recent researches indicates that emotional intelligence and social intelligence are more important than IQ in many fields. In literature, many quantitative findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between academic achievement and emotional intelligence skills. In other words, analysis indicates that emotional intelligence skills can serve as a indicator of academic achievement and effective learning. The main focus of this research is to discuss the relationship between e...

Fuel cells are the high efficient devices those convert the chemical energy to the electrical energy. Basically a fuel cell is comprised anode, cathode and electrolyte of parts. Membranes have been used as electrolyte which are made up of various materials. The specifications of membranes are important for the productive working of the fuel cells. In this study the literature research regarding membranes which are used us electrolyte in fuel cells has been realized and their technical specifications have been stud...

There are many varieties of plant in the world. Plants are essential to the balance of nature and people’s lives. As a critical part of the ecosystem, plants provide oxygen for organisms to survive. They are able to reduce the problem of pollution, by using carbon-dioxide. Plants are also the basis of most food webs as producers of food for herbivores and ultimately carnivores. Plants also provide shelter for animals, clean and filter water and help prevent soil erosion. Historically, plants have provided a sour...

Biomass resources include wood and wood wastes, agricultural crops and their waste by products, municipal solid waste, animal wastes, waste from food processing. Especially organic waste, dumped in open places causes heavy environmental pollution to soil, groundwater and surface waters as the amount of the waste generated is growing very fast. However, energy from biomass may significantly contribute to the growing future demand for energy. Energy from biomass avoids the net increase of carbon dioxide in the atmos...

During the production and service to the humanity of mine resources that are needed both by industry and construction of new grand buildings and plants that are the basic news of the modern world parallel to the urbanization and the increase in population, it is known that, like it has been in the past and will be in the future, works of excavation by blastings are inevitable.In order to designate the effects of the blastings on surrounding area, measurements of concussion and air shocks are very important. This p...

The town of Northwich in Cheshire, England has played host to the salt mining industry for 300 years and was the cradle of the modern heavy chemical industry with which it has been associated for approximately 200 years. Historically, the dumping of waste from these industries on adjacent land was unregulated leading to substantial accumulations of ‘legacy industrial solid waste’ (LISW) arising from many processes including brine evaporation and the Leblanc and Solvay processes for soda ash production. This pr...

Vocational preference will affect students in their vocational decision making and train them about lifelong career management skills. Vocational choice covers the explanations about student’s features such as; career tendencies, learning styles, preferred working environment, weaknesses-strengths, skills. When students and teachers know students’ learning styles the academic success will increase because students will know the better way to study and teacher will know how to behave students that have differen...

The data obtained from Constant GBS (SGBS) networks which are established generally for the aim of geodesic, geodynamic and navigation studies also contribute to the meteorological studies. In this study, hourly temperature and pressure values measured by present meteorological sensors in SGPS stations as well as water vapor values (PWV) that can be converted into rain by taking the advantage of GPS observations will be calculated for Middle Anatolian Region. The values of GPS\_IPWV obtained as a result of calcula...

The difficulty in reclamation of the North Bohemian Basin dumps consists in extremely severe properties of rocks in most of the dumps. It mainly concerns the rocks of the overlaying formation and the formation of brown coal seams. Sands, kaolinitic clayey sands and kaolinitic and illitic clays are the main materials bulk to the dumps. The admixtures of the bulk rocks consist of organic coal, siderite and pyrite. These rocks are mechanically unstable against wind and water erosion and they have obtained adverse, ac...