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Biomass is the renewable energy resource that contributes to the energy balance by conversion into heat, by combustion in specialized facilities, conversion into electricity based on steam or gas obtained that drives turbines and electric generators or in both cases combined, through the cogeneration process. However, in order to be collected from nature, it must be optimally organized so that the effects on the environment are not harmful. Also, in the conversion processes, polluting emissions must be as low as p...

This study presents a multicriteria evaluation for the integration and development of the Limberg Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant (PSHP) in Austria. The research aims to identify the most sustainable and efficient solution to enhance energy storage capacity and operational flexibility within the national energy system. Three development scenarios were analyzed using a Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) based on the Analytic Network Process (ANP) implemented in Super Decisions (SD) software. Scenario 1 involves...

Electrical installations in spaces classified as being in danger of explosive atmospheres have special characteristics to correspond to operation in such atmospheres. For safety reasons in these areas, it is essential that during the lifetime of these installations, the integrity of these special characteristics be maintained. The assessment of explosion-protected electrical equipment within the scope of certification is of paramount importance in view of the risk of explosion which must be minimized to ensure the...

Catamarans are widely used in marine transport due to their advantages in stability and speed. However, their hydrodynamic performance is affected by the interaction between the two hulls, which creates complex interference phenomena influencing resistance and fuel consumption. Understanding and quantifying these interference effects is essential for optimizing catamaran, a key factor not only for operational efficiency and emissions reduction but also for achieving climate-resilient, energy-efficient marine trans...

While the transition toward sustainable food systems pose a significant challenge, it also offers substantial economic opportunities. As consumer expectations evolve, the food market is undergoing a profound transformation. This shift presents new prospects for farmers, food processors, catering services, and other stakeholders across the agri-food sector. Pursuing the transition implementation can enable all the domestic food system operators along the agri-food chain to accomplish sustainability and to enrich th...

The present study aims to define a new cost indicator related to the extraction and handling of marble in a quarry located in the Apuan Alps, northern Italy. The analyzed cycle includes all operations required to extract a standard block volume, cutting with wire saws and chain saws, overturning the bench, block squaring, and transport to the yard, carried out using six machines, both for cutting and material handling. The adopted methodology considers costs related to fuel and energy consumption, maintenance, ope...

Indoor skydiving wind tunnels are highly energy-intensive installations, yet their environmental performance remains largely unexamined. This study develops a mathematical model to evaluate how on-site photovoltaics, battery storage, and potential regenerative braking can reduce the electricity cost and carbon footprint of a horizontal wind tunnel designed by Storm Adventures. The model integrates empirically measured fan-motor demand, long-term solar irradiance data for Liepaja, Latvia, and Monte Carlo simulation...

This paper explores the technical, economic, and regulatory challenges and opportunities associated with integrating multiple solar Independent Power Producers (IPPs) equipped with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) into South Sudan-s national electricity system. With an electricity mix currently dominated by expensive diesel generation, the analyses aim to support the country-s green energy transition by proposing new tariff structures and load dispatch strategies that ensure both system reliability and cost e...

The selection of foundation type for photovoltaic (PV) panels depends on several factors, including soil type, geographical location, site topography, groundwater level, and soil corrosion potential. Common foundation solutions for ground-mounted PV panels include ballasted foundations, ground screws, helical piles, and, most frequently, driven steel micropiles. The current study focuses on optimizing the design of foundations using steel micropiles by leveraging Cone Penetration Test (CPT) results to enable more ...

The flameproof enclosure type of protection is a safety method designed to prevent the ignition of an explosive atmosphere in hazardous environments. It involves enclosing components that may generate sparks, electrical arcs, or high temperatures within a robust, explosion-resistant housing. This enclosure is engineered to withstand the pressure generated by an internal explosion of a flammable gas mixture, ensuring that the explosion does not propagate to the surrounding atmosphere. This type of protection is par...

The health of soil, groundwater, air and the entire environment of inhabited areas depends largely on the intensity of agriculture and its systems. In order to achieve the desired quantity, quality and economic profitability, it is necessary to apply large amounts of unnatural, often chemical substances in the production process in order to achieve the desired and profitable harvests. These are mainly industrial fertilizers, which, when used for a long time, can contaminate all components of the environment. Altho...

The recycling of old extractive dumps as filler and aggregate in civil and road construction is considered a conventional recycling method. In contrast, the use of extractive waste as an admixture in cement or as a precursor additive in clinker manufacturing represents an upcycling approach. Regulation (EU) 2024/1252 has shifted the paradigm of waste upcycling by highlighting the dissipative loss of critical raw materials contained not only in extractive waste but also in other waste types when recycled without aw...

Propellant powders represent a very important category of explosive substances that enter into the composition of ammunition, with military and civil purpose, in general in all systems where it is necessary to perform a progressive mechanical work. Propellant powders are widely spread in the military field and deflagration is the main form of explosive transformation. Propellant powders, also called colloidal powders, are homogeneous mixtures containing one or more energy-providing substances. Due to their imprope...

The mining industry is facing increasing pressure to enhance efficiency, reduce operational costs, and adapt to modern technological trends. One of the key challenges is the effective management of logistics, particularly the transportation of raw materials within mining operations. This paper addresses the application of simulation software as a strategic tool for solving logistics problems in the mining sector. Using event-based simulation, the research analyzes transport processes in the Hradova quarry in Kosic...

This study investigates the influence of meteorological variables on evapotranspiration (ET) using a novel lysimeter design. ET was measured with three specially constructed lysimeters made from water containers equipped with geotextile bags filled with sand and colonized by grass cover (Red fescue and Perennial ryegrass). The use of geotextile lysimeters provides a simple and robust tool for ET quantification under outdoor conditions and also reflects the structural principle of evaporation beds (ET-beds), used f...

The rational use of natural resources is an urgent task not only in the oil and gas sector, but also in all sectors of production. This paper presents procedures for the preparation and purification of extracted oil-containing wastewater and stormwater from suspended solids, as well as various salts dissolved in water with the supply of coagulant solutions: iron sulfate or aluminum sulfate and soda ash to adjust the pH value. The conducted research and measures for the treatment of stormwater and carbonaceous wast...

Sheep farms in the Banat Mountain area, to be economically efficient, need to use the plant resources of the pasture at optimal parameters, without degrading natural environmental factors through good consumption management practices. The new models of sustainable management of the use of plant resources for sheep feed are intended to contribute to reducing the impact of sheep exploitation on pastures on the natural environment through good practices for obtaining efficient meat and milk production from ?urcana sh...

In light of the current challenges faced by rescuers during intervention operations, it is essential to place special emphasis on modernizing training infrastructure. Rescuers are often exposed to difficult and unpredictable conditions, whether operating in surface industries or underground environments. Adequate training and constant updates of training equipment are fundamental to ensuring both efficiency and safety in emergency interventions. The use of modern equipment and advanced technologies not only enhanc...

The purpose of this research is to identify the existing environmental problems at the level of the analyzed region and to propose possible solutions to reduce these problems. The main methods used in the creation of the article are the documentary research carried out with the help of the secondary analysis of quantitative data within the Research Center "Business management and entrepreneurial development" within the University, as well as a questionnaire on the perception of residents on environmental pollution...

The most effective way to ensure drinking water quality and protect public health is the implementation of a preventive, risk-based approach to water supply management. This approach encompasses all stages, from the water source to the consumer, and can be applied across all water supply systems, regardless of their size. The EU Drinking Water Directive (Directive (EU) 2020/2184) emphasizes the importance of this concept. This study assesses and analyzes the risk of groundwater contamination at the water supply so...

The article discusses possible ways to increase the potential of small-scale mining of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Currently, their share in the structure of the country-s mining sector does not exceed 1-2 percent, compared with 15-30 percent in a number of foreign countries. The article shows that for the development of small-scale mining in the region, having a large number of different potential small-scale deposits, there is a need to develop a scientifically based concept of their use, with changes in a ...

The sludge layer formed during the first stage of French vertical flow constructed wetlands is a crucial component in achieving high removal efficiencies of water pollution, including suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus. In the Czech Republic, persistent challenges with insufficient sludge layer development on the first stage have limited treatment performance due to the combined sewerage system. To address this, a pilot-scale experiment was conducted focusing exclusively on the form...

Practicing rural tourism in mountain areas represents an essential element in their sustainable development, offering economic, social and environmental opportunities that contribute to the revitalization of these regions, the reduction of economic gaps and the value of natural and cultural heritage. This study aims to identify the impact that the development and promotion of rural tourism has on rural mountain communities. The article makes an innovative contribution to understanding how responsible tourism activ...

The significant growth of the global population that has happened in the last years strains even more the present fragile balance between the produced and consumed resources, if the current rate of development is to be maintained without change the harmful and the negative effects caused by the global warming will only amplify.The increase of the water level, the desertification of fertile lands and the greenhouse gas effects are only a few of the problems we already need to resolve, because of this the transition...

The article considers the systematic errors of estimation of reserves and average contents of useful component in exploration of alluvial deposits of nesting, tape, etc. structures. The article identifies and evaluates the main components of systematic errors in the assessment of mineral content, useful and harmful components in alluvial deposits based on theoretical, experimental and generalized published works: insufficient density of the exploration network; error due to unrepresentative sample size. These erro...

Specialization of production according to existing resources and the availability of sheep involves the use of new production systems, their readaptation to the demand for raw materials and the availability of feed resources. Depending on the existence of resources and the typology of sheep farms in the research area, production systems can be specialized for producing lamb, young sheep, and sheep reconditioned on pastures, and producing milk-meat in pastoral systems through the seasonal use of alpine pastures or ...

The aim of the study was to develop and validate analytical methods for the detection and quantification of arsenic species (As(III), DMA, MMA and As(V)) in different environmental matrices, including drinking water, surface water, groundwater, and sediments. The experimental tests were performed on a HPLC 1260 Infinity II coupled with an ICP-MS 7850 Agilent. For aqueous matrices, the method was validated within a working range of 10-50 microg/L using an Agilent G3154-65002 guard column and an Agilent G3154-65001 ...

As the offshore oil and gas industry faces mounting pressure to reduce its carbon footprint, Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) units are emerging as critical platforms for implementing clean energy innovations. This paper explores the potential for integrating renewable energy sources such as offshore wind, solar photovoltaic, and wave energy with advanced energy storage technologies, including lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen-based systems, within FPSO operations. The hybridization of power gen...

This paper demonstrates the importance of integrating modern technologies in the management of municipal infrastructures and highlights the significant advantages of using a municipal cadastral information system and an external database. With the help of GNSS technology and the total station, this precision requirement is met. The data from the measurements formed the basis for creating municipal cadastral plans that provide a detailed and accurate representation of the municipal networks. The methodology used in...

During the process of adapting renewable energy and ensuring national energy security in the current geopolitical context, technological progress in the field of green energy has received increased attention. This has led to the development of updated policies on investment in onshore renewable energy (which uses wind and solar energy through wind turbines and photovoltaic parks) and offshore renewable energy (which uses tidal, wave, solar, and wind energy through floating photovoltaic parks and wind turbines that...

Green tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. It is consumed on its own or in various combinations. Green tea is made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant which originated in Asia. Green tea drinks have many health benefits for consumers due to the compounds present in the raw material - green tea. In order to benefit from all the properties of green tea - antioxidant activity, a wide range of vitamins, provitamins and polyphenolic compounds - the raw materials used are organically gr...

Tea made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis tea plant is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, thanks to its sensory qualities and its content of active ingredients beneficial to health. Black tea contains antioxidants that neutralize oxygen free radicals. In these types of foods, the activity of enzymes such as oxidoreductases, which have NAD- (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) or FMN- (Flavin mononucleotide) dependent coenzymes is very important in this biodynamics. [4], [5] Heme protein...

Due to limited resources, development is associated with a process of transformation, including the performance of the transformation. In 2015, following the adoption of the Paris Agreement and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the political agenda has shifted towards sustainable development for society, which includes environmental criteria. European Union Member States have strengthened the political agenda on sustainable development with the EU Green Deal initiative. Various development indexes could be emp...

The construction industry plays a critical role in global carbon emissions, contributing significantly to climate change. Embodied carbon, which encompasses all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the extraction, production, transportation, and construction of materials, has become a critical focus in sustainable design. Building Information Modeling (BIM), with tools such as Autodesk Revit, Autodesk Forma, One Click LCA and Tully, among others, offers opportunities to streamline embodied carbon analysi...

We live in a world where, globally, the urban population represents 50% of the Earth's inhabitants, and in 2035, it is expected to represent 75%. In Romania, in 2024, 55.81% of the total population lives in urban areas and the difference in rural areas. In the paper, we set out to create an "x-ray" of the commitments that our country has assumed within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development - Goal 11. Romania must find solutions for the sustainable development of communities, based on environmental education,...

In the more developed European countries, because of the importance given to the poplar species, research in this field has increased, while feeling the need to set up an international coordinating forum. Due to the particularly rapid growth, poplar crops soon produce an important quantity of wood mass that satisfies to an increasing extent the wood needs of society. The wood of this species, with special characteristics, has multiple industrial uses: Timber and light packaging, fibro-woody plates and plywood, fur...

The need to develop an integrated testing system for explosion-protected construction equipment with the type of protection "p" arose from practical considerations. The use of a mobile, versatile and adaptable system for the field performance of tests specific to this type of protection applied to explosion-protected construction equipment brings several novel advantages, the most important of which are: grouping all the test equipment required for the tests, elimination of measurement errors by performing several...

Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) are a complex dispersed system formed by substances that have separated from the oil phase according to various signs. The sediments include asphaltenes, resins, paraffins, liquid hydrocarbons, mechanical impurities and water. In conditions of intensive deposition of ARPD, normal operation of wells is impossible without carrying out work using dewaxing equipment. The purpose of the treatment is the use of chemical reagents in the composition of the emulsion to affect the bott...

An AI camouflage design was used to create an IR camouflage textile structure, utilising Grafco screen printing inks and Chromatex HD10 pigments characterised by high brightness and colour resistance. For vector image editing, CorelDRAW software was employed. The screen-printing process was carried out following these steps: frame selection, screen selection, and image preparation. The reflection index was determined using a spectrophotometric method with a UV-VIS-NIR Perkin Elmer Lambda 950 spectrophotometer, mea...

Aquaculture has become an essential component of global food production, offering a sustainable source of animal protein. However, the sector continues to face significant challenges related to environmental sustainability and suboptimal reproductive efficiency. In recent years, the incorporation of plant-derived bioactive compounds, commonly referred to as phyto-additives, has emerged as a promising, natural alternative to synthetic additives and chemotherapeutics. These substances can improve growth performance,...

This research explores whether multilingual education can boost understanding and involvement in environmental and earth sciences. The central question is whether having different languages in schools helps students grasp different scientific ideas better. A mixed-methods approach was used, gathering qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with teachers and students. Academic performance and how engaged students were in multilingual classrooms were also measured quantitatively. It turns out that students...

The effects of climate change are affecting agriculture in many areas through changing weather, such as unexpected temperature swings and changes in rainfall that threaten food supplies and rural life. Western Romania has its own weather problems, such as long droughts mixed with unpredictable rains, and generally these conditions are starting to slow down agricultural production, which means farmers need to rethink the way they farm. When rains stop being reliable, groundwater can act as a buffer; it helps to kee...

The global society, while continuing operation within the acceptable load on the planet, will not be able to meet the material needs in the future. The circular economy (hereinafter referred to as the CE) may have great potential in solving environmental and economic problems. It is necessary to adopt a system-wide approach aimed at restructuring economic and social relations. The transition to CE will help to save natural resources, minimize waste generation, contribute to achieving a zero-waste society, reduce e...

Aquaculture sector holds significant potential for ensuring food security, supporting economic growth, and contributing to the sustainable use of marine resources within the European Union (EU), aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 Life Below Water . However, the potential of aquaculture is constrained by multilevel challenges, including environmental externalities, regulatory complexities, and social acceptance. These challenges are exacerbated by underlying tensions between goals for growing the ...

The development of UAV-based (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) diagnostic methods has created new opportunities for evaluating high-rise and industrial structures. While traditional multirotor drones are commonly used for visual and thermal inspections, their limited authority control reduces precision when operating close to complex surfaces. This review paper examines the capabilities of omnidirectional UAVs (omnicopters), which offer full control across six degrees of freedom by decoupling translation from rotation. S...

Remote sensing techniques are increasingly used in land surface monitoring processes. The development of satellite systems has led to increasingly complex research in terms of analysis and monitoring of large land areas, with reduced costs and high efficiency. In this research, a satellite scene from 03.07.2024 taken over by the Landsat 9 remote sensing system was used, the scene identifier being LC09_L2SP_186028_20240730_20240731_02_T1, WRS_PATH 186 and WRS_ROW 28, UTM projection system, Datum WGS84, Ellipsoid WG...

The use of remote sensing images in territorial analyses is increasingly used with the development of remote sensing systems. Due to the fact that there are numerous remote sensing systems, both open source and paid, these instruments are widely used in monitoring large areas in order to analyze the dynamics of land use changes. In the present study, an analysis of the ATU Moravita, Timis County, Romania, was carried out based on remote sensing images taken from the Landsat 8 satellite system. Based on the 11 spec...

Non-destructive testing (NDT) of 3D-printed concrete is challenging due to complex geometries and layer-dependent material heterogeneity. Photogrammetry captures surface geometry, but its outputs cannot be directly linked to NDT values. This study presents a workflow that integrates photogrammetric models with rebound hammer measurements and applies radial basis function (RBF) interpolation to visualize near-surface strength. Each measurement point is matched to its 3D coordinates on the mesh, enabling consistent ...

This paper presents the monitoring of an eroding phenomenon (gully) near Ciurila, Cluj County, Romania, using UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) technologies. In this sense, the monitoring results through sustainable and non-invasive technologies are presented, following four cycles of observations, carried out between June 2019 and April 2021. The paper aims to present the advantages and limitations of such a study, as well as the importance of monitoring erosion phenomena...

The paper presents a medium-temperature modular pyrolysis plant generating electricity from syngas (SG) produced by air conversion of pyrolysis liquid and fed into the electrochemical generator (ECG) battery. Electric output of the plant and district water heater is 100 kW and 126 kW, respectively. The main power characteristics of the plant are determined by physicochemical modeling and energy budgeting methods. Specific consumption of pyrolysis liquid to produce electricity and heat is shown as 108 g/kW-h (169 g...